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"Seasonal-to-Interannual Variability of the Ocean During WOCE | 
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Estimated by the ECCO Routine Global Ocean Data Assimilation System" | 
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Ichiro Fukumori, Benyang Tang, Tong Lee, Dimitris Menemenlis, Zhangfan | 
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Xing, Benny Cheng, and Lee-Lueng Fu  | 
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Seasonal-to-interannual variability is analyzed using WOCE | 
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observations in conjunction with products of a global ocean data | 
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assimilation system (ECCO, Consortium for "Estimating the Circulation | 
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and Climate of the Ocean").  The assimilation products help interpret | 
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the near decade-long WOCE observations placing them in context with   | 
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seasonal-to-interannual variability, such as those associated with    | 
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ENSO and the phase transition of PDO.  Particular focus is placed on  | 
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variability of the upper ocean in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.  The | 
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model equivalent of WOCE hydrography is compared with that from | 
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observations.  Seasonal-to-interannual variability is analzyed by | 
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examining changes in the hydrographic structure and their associated | 
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variabilities in transport.  The model's coherent fields allow budgets | 
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of mass, heat, and salt to be analyzed and the origin and fate of | 
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water masses evaluated.  | 
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The data assimilation system is based on a near-global primitive | 
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equation model of high resolution (1-deg telescoping to 0.3-deg with | 
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10m near surface layers).  The assimilation is based on a hierarchy of | 
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approaches that consists of a Green's function method, approximate | 
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Kalman filter and smoother, and the adjoint method.  Measurements from | 
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satellite altimetry (TOPEX/POSEIDON) and in situ hydrography (CTDs and | 
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XBTs) are assimilated on a routine basis.  Analyses are regularly | 
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updated and are available via a Live Access Server at | 
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http://www.ecco-group.org/las. | 
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