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revision 1.11 by molod, Tue Aug 2 15:50:51 2005 UTC revision 1.17 by molod, Wed Jun 28 15:35:07 2006 UTC
# Line 169  RH_{min} & = & 0.75 \nonumber \\ Line 169  RH_{min} & = & 0.75 \nonumber \\
169    
170  These cloud fractions are suppressed, however, in regions where the convective  These cloud fractions are suppressed, however, in regions where the convective
171  sub-cloud layer is conditionally unstable.  The functional form of $RH_c$ is shown in  sub-cloud layer is conditionally unstable.  The functional form of $RH_c$ is shown in
172  Figure (\ref{fig:fizhi:rhcrit}).  Figure (\ref{fig.rhcrit}).
173    
174  \begin{figure*}[htbp]  \begin{figure*}[htbp]
175    \vspace{0.4in}    \vspace{0.4in}
176    \centerline{  \epsfysize=4.0in  \epsfbox{part6/rhcrit.ps}}    \centerline{  \epsfysize=4.0in  \epsfbox{part6/rhcrit.ps}}
177    \vspace{0.4in}    \vspace{0.4in}
178    \caption  [Critical Relative Humidity for Clouds.]    \caption  [Critical Relative Humidity for Clouds.]
179              {Critical Relative Humidity for Clouds.}              {Critical Relative Humidity for Clouds.}
180    \label{fig:fizhi:rhcrit}    \label{fig.rhcrit}
181  \end{figure*}  \end{figure*}
182    
183  The total cloud fraction in a grid box is determined by the larger of the two cloud fractions:  The total cloud fraction in a grid box is determined by the larger of the two cloud fractions:
# Line 308  cloud cover of all the layers in the gro Line 308  cloud cover of all the layers in the gro
308  of a given layer is then scaled for both the direct (as a function of the  of a given layer is then scaled for both the direct (as a function of the
309  solar zenith angle) and diffuse beam radiation  solar zenith angle) and diffuse beam radiation
310  so that the grouped layer reflectance is the same as the original reflectance.  so that the grouped layer reflectance is the same as the original reflectance.
311  The solar flux is computed for each of the eight cloud realizations possible  The solar flux is computed for each of eight cloud realizations possible within this
 (see Figure \ref{fig:fizhi:cloud}) within this  
312  low/middle/high classification, and appropriately averaged to produce the net solar flux.  low/middle/high classification, and appropriately averaged to produce the net solar flux.
313    
 \begin{figure*}[htbp]  
   \vspace{0.4in}  
   \centerline{  \epsfysize=4.0in  %\epsfbox{part6/rhcrit.ps}  
              }  
   \vspace{0.4in}  
   \caption  {Low-Middle-High Cloud Configurations}  
   \label{fig:fizhi:cloud}  
 \end{figure*}  
   
   
314  \paragraph{Longwave Radiation}  \paragraph{Longwave Radiation}
315    
316  The longwave radiation package used in the fizhi package is thoroughly described by \cite{chsz:94}.  The longwave radiation package used in the fizhi package is thoroughly described by \cite{chsz:94}.
# Line 360  Band & Spectral Range (cm$^{-1}$) & Abso Line 349  Band & Spectral Range (cm$^{-1}$) & Abso
349  \end{tabular}  \end{tabular}
350  \end{center}  \end{center}
351  \vspace{0.1in}  \vspace{0.1in}
352  \caption{IR Spectral Bands, Absorbers, and Parameterization Method (from \cite{chzs:94})}  \caption{IR Spectral Bands, Absorbers, and Parameterization Method (from \cite{chsz:94})}
353  \label{tab:fizhi:longwave}  \label{tab:fizhi:longwave}
354  \end{table}  \end{table}
355    
# Line 431  The cloud fraction values are time-avera Line 420  The cloud fraction values are time-avera
420  hours).  Therefore, in a time-averaged sense, both convective and large-scale  hours).  Therefore, in a time-averaged sense, both convective and large-scale
421  cloudiness can exist in a given grid-box.    cloudiness can exist in a given grid-box.  
422    
423  Turbulence:  \paragraph{Turbulence}:
424    
425  Turbulence is parameterized in the fizhi package to account for its contribution to the  Turbulence is parameterized in the fizhi package to account for its contribution to the
426  vertical exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum.    vertical exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum.  
# Line 686  are shown in Table \ref{tab:fizhi:surfty Line 675  are shown in Table \ref{tab:fizhi:surfty
675  cell occupied by any surface type were derived from the surface classification of  cell occupied by any surface type were derived from the surface classification of
676  \cite{deftow:94}, and information about the location of permanent  \cite{deftow:94}, and information about the location of permanent
677  ice was obtained from the classifications of \cite{dorsell:89}.  ice was obtained from the classifications of \cite{dorsell:89}.
678  The surface type for the \txt GCM grid is shown in Figure \ref{fig:fizhi:surftype}.  The surface type map for a $1^\circ$ grid is shown in Figure \ref{fig:fizhi:surftype}.
679  The determination of the land or sea category of surface type was made from NCAR's  The determination of the land or sea category of surface type was made from NCAR's
680  10 minute by 10 minute Navy topography  10 minute by 10 minute Navy topography
681  dataset, which includes information about the percentage of water-cover at any point.  dataset, which includes information about the percentage of water-cover at any point.
682  The data were averaged to the model's \fxf and \txt grid resolutions,  The data were averaged to the model's grid resolutions,
683  and any grid-box whose averaged water percentage was $\geq 60 \%$ was  and any grid-box whose averaged water percentage was $\geq 60 \%$ was
684  defined as a water point. The \fxf grid Land-Water designation was further modified  defined as a water point. The Land-Water designation was further modified
685  subjectively to ensure sufficient representation from small but isolated land and water regions.  subjectively to ensure sufficient representation from small but isolated land and water regions.
686    
687  \begin{table}  \begin{table}
# Line 716  Type & Vegetation Designation \\ \hline Line 705  Type & Vegetation Designation \\ \hline
705  100 & Ocean \\ \hline  100 & Ocean \\ \hline
706  \end{tabular}  \end{tabular}
707  \end{center}  \end{center}
708  \caption{Surface type designations used to compute surface roughness (over land)  \caption{Surface type designations.}
 and surface albedo.}  
709  \label{tab:fizhi:surftype}  \label{tab:fizhi:surftype}
710  \end{table}  \end{table}
711    
   
712  \begin{figure*}[htbp]  \begin{figure*}[htbp]
713    \centerline{  \epsfysize=7in  \epsfbox{part6/surftypes.ps}}    \centerline{  \epsfysize=4.0in  \epsfbox{part6/surftype.eps}}
714    \vspace{0.3in}    \vspace{0.2in}
715    \caption  {Surface Type Compinations at \txt resolution.}    \caption  {Surface Type Combinations.}
716    \label{fig:fizhi:surftype}    \label{fig:fizhi:surftype}
717  \end{figure*}  \end{figure*}
718    
719  \begin{figure*}[htbp]  % \rotatebox{270}{\centerline{  \epsfysize=4in  \epsfbox{part6/surftypes.eps}}}
720    \centerline{  \epsfysize=7in  \epsfbox{part6/surftypes.descrip.ps}}  % \rotatebox{270}{\centerline{  \epsfysize=4in  \epsfbox{part6/surftypes.descrip.eps}}}
721    \vspace{0.3in}  %\begin{figure*}[htbp]
722    \caption  {Surface Type Descriptions.}  %  \centerline{  \epsfysize=4in  \epsfbox{part6/surftypes.descrip.ps}}
723    \label{fig:fizhi:surftype.desc}  %  \vspace{0.3in}
724  \end{figure*}  %  \caption  {Surface Type Descriptions.}
725    %  \label{fig:fizhi:surftype.desc}
726    %\end{figure*}
727    
728    
729  \paragraph{Surface Roughness}  \paragraph{Surface Roughness}
# Line 754  sun), the greenness fraction, the vegeta Line 743  sun), the greenness fraction, the vegeta
743  Modifications are made to account for the presence of snow, and its depth relative  Modifications are made to account for the presence of snow, and its depth relative
744  to the height of the vegetation elements.  to the height of the vegetation elements.
745    
746  Gravity Wave Drag:  \paragraph{Gravity Wave Drag}
747    
748  The fizhi package employs the gravity wave drag scheme of \cite{zhouetal:96}).  The fizhi package employs the gravity wave drag scheme of \cite{zhouetal:95}).
749  This scheme is a modified version of Vernekar et al. (1992),  This scheme is a modified version of Vernekar et al. (1992),
750  which was based on Alpert et al. (1988) and Helfand et al. (1987).    which was based on Alpert et al. (1988) and Helfand et al. (1987).  
751  In this version, the gravity wave stress at the surface is  In this version, the gravity wave stress at the surface is
# Line 797  fields include:  sea surface temperature Line 786  fields include:  sea surface temperature
786  vegetation index, and the radiation-related background levels of: ozone, carbon dioxide,  vegetation index, and the radiation-related background levels of: ozone, carbon dioxide,
787  and stratospheric moisture.  and stratospheric moisture.
788    
789  Boundary condition data sets are available at the model's \fxf and \txt  Boundary condition data sets are available at the model's
790  resolutions for either climatological or yearly varying conditions.  resolutions for either climatological or yearly varying conditions.
791  Any frequency of boundary condition data can be used in the fizhi package;  Any frequency of boundary condition data can be used in the fizhi package;
792  however, the current selection of data is summarized in Table \ref{tab:fizhi:bcdata}\@.  however, the current selection of data is summarized in Table \ref{tab:fizhi:bcdata}\@.
793  The time mean values are interpolated during each model timestep to the  The time mean values are interpolated during each model timestep to the
794  current time. Future model versions will incorporate boundary conditions at  current time.
 higher spatial \mbox{($1^\circ$ x $1^\circ$)} resolutions.  
795    
796  \begin{table}[htb]  \begin{table}[htb]
797  \begin{center}  \begin{center}
# Line 840  The sub-grid scale variance is construct Line 828  The sub-grid scale variance is construct
828  \paragraph{Upper Level Moisture}  \paragraph{Upper Level Moisture}
829  The fizhi package uses climatological water vapor data above 100 mb from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas  The fizhi package uses climatological water vapor data above 100 mb from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas
830  Experiment (SAGE) as input into the model's radiation packages.  The SAGE data is archived  Experiment (SAGE) as input into the model's radiation packages.  The SAGE data is archived
831  as monthly zonal means at 5$^\circ$ latitudinal resolution.  The data is interpolated to the  as monthly zonal means at $5^\circ$ latitudinal resolution.  The data is interpolated to the
832  model's grid location and current time, and blended with the GCM's moisture data.  Below 300 mb,  model's grid location and current time, and blended with the GCM's moisture data.  Below 300 mb,
833  the model's moisture data is used.  Above 100 mb, the SAGE data is used.  Between 100 and 300 mb,  the model's moisture data is used.  Above 100 mb, the SAGE data is used.  Between 100 and 300 mb,
834  a linear interpolation (in pressure) is performed using the data from SAGE and the GCM.  a linear interpolation (in pressure) is performed using the data from SAGE and the GCM.
# Line 849  a linear interpolation (in pressure) is Line 837  a linear interpolation (in pressure) is
837  \subsubsection{Fizhi Diagnostics}  \subsubsection{Fizhi Diagnostics}
838    
839  Fizhi Diagnostic Menu:  Fizhi Diagnostic Menu:
840  \label{sec:fizhi-diagnostics:menu}  \label{sec:pkg:fizhi:diagnostics}
841    
842  \begin{tabular}{llll}  \begin{tabular}{llll}
843  \hline\hline  \hline\hline
# Line 1381  Fizhi Diagnostic Description: Line 1369  Fizhi Diagnostic Description:
1369    
1370  In this section we list and describe the diagnostic quantities available within the  In this section we list and describe the diagnostic quantities available within the
1371  GCM.  The diagnostics are listed in the order that they appear in the  GCM.  The diagnostics are listed in the order that they appear in the
1372  Diagnostic Menu, Section \ref{sec:fizhi-diagnostics:menu}.  Diagnostic Menu, Section \ref{sec:pkg:fizhi:diagnostics}.
1373  In all cases, each diagnostic as currently archived on the output datasets  In all cases, each diagnostic as currently archived on the output datasets
1374  is time-averaged over its diagnostic output frequency:  is time-averaged over its diagnostic output frequency:
1375    
# Line 2983  q^{n+1} = (\pi q)^{n+1} / \pi^{n+1} Line 2971  q^{n+1} = (\pi q)^{n+1} / \pi^{n+1}
2971  \subsubsection{Dos and donts}  \subsubsection{Dos and donts}
2972    
2973  \subsubsection{Fizhi Reference}  \subsubsection{Fizhi Reference}
2974    
2975    \subsubsection{Experiments and tutorials that use fizhi}
2976    \label{sec:pkg:fizhi:experiments}
2977    
2978    \begin{itemize}
2979    \item{Global atmosphere experiment with realistic SST and topography in fizhi-cs-32x32x10 verification directory. }
2980    \item{Global atmosphere aqua planet experiment in fizhi-cs-aqualev20 verification directory. }
2981    \end{itemize}
2982    
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