360 |
\end{tabular} |
\end{tabular} |
361 |
\end{center} |
\end{center} |
362 |
\vspace{0.1in} |
\vspace{0.1in} |
363 |
\caption{IR Spectral Bands, Absorbers, and Parameterization Method (from \cite{chzs:94})} |
\caption{IR Spectral Bands, Absorbers, and Parameterization Method (from \cite{chsz:94})} |
364 |
\label{tab:fizhi:longwave} |
\label{tab:fizhi:longwave} |
365 |
\end{table} |
\end{table} |
366 |
|
|
431 |
hours). Therefore, in a time-averaged sense, both convective and large-scale |
hours). Therefore, in a time-averaged sense, both convective and large-scale |
432 |
cloudiness can exist in a given grid-box. |
cloudiness can exist in a given grid-box. |
433 |
|
|
434 |
Turbulence: |
\paragraph{Turbulence}: |
435 |
|
|
436 |
Turbulence is parameterized in the fizhi package to account for its contribution to the |
Turbulence is parameterized in the fizhi package to account for its contribution to the |
437 |
vertical exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum. |
vertical exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum. |
754 |
Modifications are made to account for the presence of snow, and its depth relative |
Modifications are made to account for the presence of snow, and its depth relative |
755 |
to the height of the vegetation elements. |
to the height of the vegetation elements. |
756 |
|
|
757 |
Gravity Wave Drag: |
\paragraph{Gravity Wave Drag}: |
758 |
|
|
759 |
The fizhi package employs the gravity wave drag scheme of \cite{zhouetal:96}). |
The fizhi package employs the gravity wave drag scheme of \cite{zhouetal:95}). |
760 |
This scheme is a modified version of Vernekar et al. (1992), |
This scheme is a modified version of Vernekar et al. (1992), |
761 |
which was based on Alpert et al. (1988) and Helfand et al. (1987). |
which was based on Alpert et al. (1988) and Helfand et al. (1987). |
762 |
In this version, the gravity wave stress at the surface is |
In this version, the gravity wave stress at the surface is |