--- manual/s_phys_pkgs/text/fizhi.tex 2005/08/02 15:43:59 1.10 +++ manual/s_phys_pkgs/text/fizhi.tex 2005/08/02 21:17:38 1.12 @@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ \subsubsection{Introduction} The fizhi (high-end atmospheric physics) package includes a collection of state-of-the-art physical parameterizations for atmospheric radiation, cumulus convection, atmospheric -boundary layer turbulence, and land surface processes. +boundary layer turbulence, and land surface processes. The collection of atmospheric +physics parameterizations were originally used together as part of the GEOS-3 +(Goddard Earth Observing System-3) GCM developed at the NASA/Goddard Global Modelling +and Assimilation Office (GMAO). % ************************************************************************* % ************************************************************************* @@ -357,7 +360,7 @@ \end{tabular} \end{center} \vspace{0.1in} -\caption{IR Spectral Bands, Absorbers, and Parameterization Method (from \cite{chzs:94})} +\caption{IR Spectral Bands, Absorbers, and Parameterization Method (from \cite{chsz:94})} \label{tab:fizhi:longwave} \end{table} @@ -428,7 +431,7 @@ hours). Therefore, in a time-averaged sense, both convective and large-scale cloudiness can exist in a given grid-box. -Turbulence: +\paragraph{Turbulence}: Turbulence is parameterized in the fizhi package to account for its contribution to the vertical exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum. @@ -751,9 +754,9 @@ Modifications are made to account for the presence of snow, and its depth relative to the height of the vegetation elements. -Gravity Wave Drag: +\paragraph{Gravity Wave Drag}: -The fizhi package employs the gravity wave drag scheme of \cite{zhouetal:96}). +The fizhi package employs the gravity wave drag scheme of \cite{zhouetal:95}). This scheme is a modified version of Vernekar et al. (1992), which was based on Alpert et al. (1988) and Helfand et al. (1987). In this version, the gravity wave stress at the surface is