--- manual/s_getstarted/text/getting_started.tex 2010/01/21 19:20:08 1.40
+++ manual/s_getstarted/text/getting_started.tex 2018/01/09 01:02:48 1.47
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-% $Header: /home/ubuntu/mnt/e9_copy/manual/s_getstarted/text/getting_started.tex,v 1.40 2010/01/21 19:20:08 jmc Exp $
+% $Header: /home/ubuntu/mnt/e9_copy/manual/s_getstarted/text/getting_started.tex,v 1.47 2018/01/09 01:02:48 jmc Exp $
% $Name: $
%\section{Getting started}
@@ -8,28 +8,33 @@
version. Information on how to obtain, compile, and run the code is
found here as well as a brief description of the model structure
directory and the case study examples. Information is also provided
-here on how to customize the code when you are ready to try implementing
+here on how to customize the code when you are ready to try implementing
the configuration you have in mind. The code and algorithm
-are described more fully in chapters \ref{chap:discretization} and
-\ref{chap:sarch}.
+are described more fully in chapters \ref{chap:discretization} and
+\ref{chap:sarch}.
\section{Where to find information}
-\label{sect:whereToFindInfo}
+\label{sec:whereToFindInfo}
\begin{rawhtml}
\end{rawhtml}
There is a web-archived support mailing list for the model that
-you can email at \texttt{MITgcm-support@mitgcm.org} or browse at:
-\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
+you can email at \texttt{MITgcm-support@mitgcm.org} after subscribing to:
+\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
\begin{verbatim}
-http://mitgcm.org/mailman/listinfo/mitgcm-support/
-http://mitgcm.org/pipermail/mitgcm-support/
+http://mailman.mitgcm.org/mailman/listinfo/mitgcm-support/
+\end{verbatim}
+\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
+or browse at:
+\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
+\begin{verbatim}
+http://mailman.mitgcm.org/pipermail/mitgcm-support/
\end{verbatim}
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
\section{Obtaining the code}
-\label{sect:obtainingCode}
+\label{sec:obtainingCode}
\begin{rawhtml}
\end{rawhtml}
@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@
\end{enumerate}
\subsection{Method 1 - Checkout from CVS}
-\label{sect:cvs_checkout}
+\label{sec:cvs_checkout}
If CVS is available on your system, we strongly encourage you to use it. CVS
provides an efficient and elegant way of organizing your code and keeping
@@ -71,7 +76,7 @@
download a tar file.
Before you can use CVS, the following environment variable(s) should
-be set within your shell. For a csh or tcsh shell, put the following
+be set within your shell. For a csh or tcsh shell, put the following
\begin{verbatim}
% setenv CVSROOT :pserver:cvsanon@mitgcm.org:/u/gcmpack
\end{verbatim}
@@ -82,7 +87,6 @@
\end{verbatim}
in your \texttt{.profile} or \texttt{.bashrc} file.
-
To get MITgcm through CVS, first register with the MITgcm CVS server
using command:
\begin{verbatim}
@@ -92,20 +96,23 @@
To obtain the latest sources type:
\begin{verbatim}
-% cvs co MITgcm
+% cvs co -P MITgcm
\end{verbatim}
or to get a specific release type:
\begin{verbatim}
-% cvs co -P -r checkpoint52i_post MITgcm
+% cvs co -P -r checkpoint52i_post MITgcm
\end{verbatim}
+The CVS command ``\texttt{cvs co}'' is the abreviation of the full-name
+``\texttt{cvs checkout}'' command and using the option ``-P'' (\texttt{cvs co -P})
+will prevent to download unnecessary empty directories.
+
The MITgcm web site contains further directions concerning the source
code and CVS. It also contains a web interface to our CVS archive so
that one may easily view the state of files, revisions, and other
development milestones:
-%\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
\begin{verbatim}
-http://mitgcm.org/source_code.html
+http://mitgcm.org/viewvc/MITgcm/MITgcm/
\end{verbatim}
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
@@ -120,8 +127,8 @@
\textbf{Alias Name} & \textbf{Information (directories) Contained} \\\hline
\texttt{MITgcm\_code} & Only the source code -- none of the verification examples. \\
\texttt{MITgcm\_verif\_basic}
- & Source code plus a small set of the verification examples
- (\texttt{global\_ocean.90x40x15}, \texttt{aim.5l\_cs}, \texttt{hs94.128x64x5},
+ & Source code plus a small set of the verification examples
+ (\texttt{global\_ocean.90x40x15}, \texttt{aim.5l\_cs}, \texttt{hs94.128x64x5},
\texttt{front\_relax}, and \texttt{plume\_on\_slope}). \\
\texttt{MITgcm\_verif\_atmos} & Source code plus all of the atmospheric examples. \\
\texttt{MITgcm\_verif\_ocean} & Source code plus all of the oceanic examples. \\
@@ -140,19 +147,25 @@
the files in \texttt{CVS}! You can also use CVS to download code
updates. More extensive information on using CVS for maintaining
MITgcm code can be found
-\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
+\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
here
-\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
-.
+\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}.
It is important to note that the CVS aliases in Table
\ref{tab:cvsModules} cannot be used in conjunction with the CVS
\texttt{-d DIRNAME} option. However, the \texttt{MITgcm} directories
they create can be changed to a different name following the check-out:
\begin{verbatim}
- % cvs co MITgcm_verif_basic
+ % cvs co -P MITgcm_verif_basic
% mv MITgcm MITgcm_verif_basic
\end{verbatim}
+Note that it is possible to checkout code without ``cvs login'' and without
+setting any shell environment variables by specifying the pserver name and
+password in one line, for example:
+\begin{verbatim}
+ % cvs -d :pserver:cvsanon:cvsanon@mitgcm.org:/u/gcmpack co -P MITgcm
+\end{verbatim}
+
\subsubsection{Upgrading from an earlier version}
If you already have an earlier version of the code you can ``upgrade''
@@ -163,7 +176,7 @@
\end{verbatim}
and then issue the cvs update command such as:
\begin{verbatim}
-% cvs -q update -r checkpoint52i_post -d -P
+% cvs -q update -d -P -r checkpoint52i_post
\end{verbatim}
This will update the ``tag'' to ``checkpoint52i\_post'', add any new
directories (-d) and remove any empty directories (-P). The -q option
@@ -209,7 +222,7 @@
latest code'' and we haven't made a ``tag'' or ``release'' since that
patch then you'll need to get the latest code:
\begin{verbatim}
-% cvs -q update -A -d -P
+% cvs -q update -d -P -A
\end{verbatim}
Unlike, the ``check-out'' and ``update'' procedures above, there is no
``tag'' or release name. The -A tells CVS to upgrade to the
@@ -220,7 +233,7 @@
with. So please be sure you understand what you're doing.
\subsection{Method 2 - Tar file download}
-\label{sect:conventionalDownload}
+\label{sec:conventionalDownload}
If you do not have CVS on your system, you can download the model as a
tar file from the web site at:
@@ -233,7 +246,7 @@
delete; even if you do not use CVS yourself the information can help
us if you should need to send us your copy of the code. If a recent
tar file does not exist, then please contact the developers through
-the
+the
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
MITgcm-support@mitgcm.org
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
@@ -264,21 +277,21 @@
\begin{itemize}
\item \texttt{doc}: contains brief documentation notes.
-
+
\item \texttt{eesupp}: contains the execution environment source code.
Also subdivided into two subdirectories \texttt{inc} and
\texttt{src}.
-
+
\item \texttt{model}: this directory contains the main source code.
Also subdivided into two subdirectories \texttt{inc} and
\texttt{src}.
-
+
\item \texttt{pkg}: contains the source code for the packages. Each
package corresponds to a subdirectory. For example, \texttt{gmredi}
contains the code related to the Gent-McWilliams/Redi scheme,
\texttt{aim} the code relative to the atmospheric intermediate
- physics. The packages are described in detail in chapter \ref{chap.packagesI}.
-
+ physics. The packages are described in detail in chapter \ref{chap:packagesI}.
+
\item \texttt{tools}: this directory contains various useful tools.
For example, \texttt{genmake2} is a script written in csh (C-shell)
that should be used to generate your makefile. The directory
@@ -288,7 +301,7 @@
This directory also contains the subdirectory build\_options, which
contains the `optfiles' with the compiler options for the different
compilers and machines that can run MITgcm.
-
+
\item \texttt{utils}: this directory contains various utilities. The
subdirectory \texttt{knudsen2} contains code and a makefile that
compute coefficients of the polynomial approximation to the knudsen
@@ -299,20 +312,20 @@
model output. The subdirectory exch2 contains the code needed for
the exch2 package to work with different combinations of domain
decompositions.
-
+
\item \texttt{verification}: this directory contains the model
- examples. See section \ref{sect:modelExamples}.
+ examples. See section \ref{sec:modelExamples}.
\item \texttt{jobs}: contains sample job scripts for running MITgcm.
-
+
\item \texttt{lsopt}: Line search code used for optimization.
-
+
\item \texttt{optim}: Interface between MITgcm and line search code.
-
+
\end{itemize}
\section[Building MITgcm]{Building the code}
-\label{sect:buildingCode}
+\label{sec:buildingCode}
\begin{rawhtml}
\end{rawhtml}
@@ -321,7 +334,7 @@
file (\texttt{Makefile}) that allows us to pre-process source files,
specify compiler and optimization options and also figures out any
file dependencies. We supply a script (\texttt{genmake2}), described
-in section \ref{sect:genmake}, that automatically creates the
+in section \ref{sec:genmake}, that automatically creates the
\texttt{Makefile} for you. You then need to build the dependencies and
compile the code.
@@ -353,7 +366,7 @@
Through the MITgcm-support list, the MITgcm developers are willing to
provide help writing or modifing ``optfiles''. And we encourage users
to post new ``optfiles'' (particularly ones for new machines or
-architectures) to the
+architectures) to the
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
MITgcm-support@mitgcm.org
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
@@ -396,7 +409,7 @@
number of CPUs available.
Now you are ready to run the model. General instructions for doing so are
-given in section \ref{sect:runModel}. Here, we can run the model by
+given in section \ref{sec:runModel}. Here, we can run the model by
first creating links to all the input files:
\begin{verbatim}
ln -s ../input/* .
@@ -410,7 +423,7 @@
\subsection{Building/compiling the code elsewhere}
-In the example above (section \ref{sect:buildingCode}) we built the
+In the example above (section \ref{sec:buildingCode}) we built the
executable in the {\em input} directory of the experiment for
convenience. You can also configure and compile the code in other
locations, for example on a scratch disk with out having to copy the
@@ -512,18 +525,31 @@
% ./mitgcmuv > output.txt
\end{verbatim}
-
\subsection{Using \texttt{genmake2}}
-\label{sect:genmake}
+\label{sec:genmake}
To compile the code, first use the program \texttt{genmake2} (located
in the \texttt{tools} directory) to generate a Makefile.
\texttt{genmake2} is a shell script written to work with all
``sh''--compatible shells including bash v1, bash v2, and Bourne.
-Internally, \texttt{genmake2} determines the locations of needed
-files, the compiler, compiler options, libraries, and Unix tools. It
-relies upon a number of ``optfiles'' located in the
-\texttt{tools/build\_options} directory.
+%Internally, \texttt{genmake2} determines the locations of needed
+%files, the compiler, compiler options, libraries, and Unix tools. It
+%relies upon a number of ``optfiles'' located in the
+%\texttt{tools/build\_options} directory.
+\texttt{genmake2} parses information from the following sources:
+\begin{description}
+\item[-] a {\em gemake\_local} file if one is found in the current
+ directory
+\item[-] command-line options
+\item[-] an "options file" as specified by the command-line option
+ \texttt{--optfile=/PATH/FILENAME}
+\item[-] a {\em packages.conf} file (if one is found) with the
+ specific list of packages to compile. The search path for
+ file {\em packages.conf} is, first, the current directory and
+ then each of the "MODS" directories in the given order (see below).
+\end{description}
+
+\subsubsection{Optfiles in \texttt{tools/build\_options} directory:}
The purpose of the optfiles is to provide all the compilation options
for particular ``platforms'' (where ``platform'' roughly means the
@@ -596,6 +622,8 @@
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
mailing list.
+\subsubsection{Command-line options:}
+
In addition to the optfiles, \texttt{genmake2} supports a number of
helpful command-line options. A complete list of these options can be
obtained from:
@@ -605,10 +633,10 @@
The most important command-line options are:
\begin{description}
-
+
\item[\texttt{--optfile=/PATH/FILENAME}] specifies the optfile that
should be used for a particular build.
-
+
If no "optfile" is specified (either through the command line or the
MITGCM\_OPTFILE environment variable), genmake2 will try to make a
reasonable guess from the list provided in {\em
@@ -617,25 +645,35 @@
(eg. "linux\_ia32") and then find a working FORTRAN compiler within
the user's path. When these three items have been identified,
genmake2 will try to find an optfile that has a matching name.
-
-\item[\texttt{--pdefault='PKG1 PKG2 PKG3 ...'}] specifies the default
- set of packages to be used. The normal order of precedence for
- packages is as follows:
- \begin{enumerate}
- \item If available, the command line (\texttt{--pdefault}) settings
- over-rule any others.
-
- \item Next, \texttt{genmake2} will look for a file named
- ``\texttt{packages.conf}'' in the local directory or in any of the
- directories specified with the \texttt{--mods} option.
-
- \item Finally, if neither of the above are available,
- \texttt{genmake2} will use the \texttt{/pkg/pkg\_default} file.
- \end{enumerate}
-
+
+\item[\texttt{--mods='DIR1 DIR2 DIR3 ...'}] specifies a list of
+ directories containing ``modifications''. These directories contain
+ files with names that may (or may not) exist in the main MITgcm
+ source tree but will be overridden by any identically-named sources
+ within the ``MODS'' directories.
+
+ The order of precedence for this "name-hiding" is as follows:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item ``MODS'' directories (in the order given)
+ \item Packages either explicitly specified or provided by default
+ (in the order given)
+ \item Packages included due to package dependencies (in the order
+ that that package dependencies are parsed)
+ \item The "standard dirs" (which may have been specified by the
+ ``-standarddirs'' option)
+ \end{itemize}
+
+\item[\texttt{--pgroups=/PATH/FILENAME}] specifies the file
+ where package groups are defined. If not set, the package-groups
+ definition will be read from {\em pkg/pkg\_groups}.
+ It also contains the default list of packages (defined
+ as the group ``{\it default\_pkg\_list}'' which is used
+ when no specific package list ({\em packages.conf})
+ is found in current directory or in any "MODS" directory.
+
\item[\texttt{--pdepend=/PATH/FILENAME}] specifies the dependency file
used for packages.
-
+
If not specified, the default dependency file {\em pkg/pkg\_depend}
is used. The syntax for this file is parsed on a line-by-line basis
where each line containes either a comment ("\#") or a simple
@@ -644,46 +682,29 @@
relationship, respectively. If no rule is specified, then it is
assumed that the two packages are compatible and will function
either with or without each other.
-
+
\item[\texttt{--adof=/path/to/file}] specifies the "adjoint" or
automatic differentiation options file to be used. The file is
analogous to the ``optfile'' defined above but it specifies
information for the AD build process.
-
+
The default file is located in {\em
tools/adjoint\_options/adjoint\_default} and it defines the "TAF"
and "TAMC" compilers. An alternate version is also available at
{\em tools/adjoint\_options/adjoint\_staf} that selects the newer
"STAF" compiler. As with any compilers, it is helpful to have their
directories listed in your {\tt \$PATH} environment variable.
-
-\item[\texttt{--mods='DIR1 DIR2 DIR3 ...'}] specifies a list of
- directories containing ``modifications''. These directories contain
- files with names that may (or may not) exist in the main MITgcm
- source tree but will be overridden by any identically-named sources
- within the ``MODS'' directories.
-
- The order of precedence for this "name-hiding" is as follows:
- \begin{itemize}
- \item ``MODS'' directories (in the order given)
- \item Packages either explicitly specified or provided by default
- (in the order given)
- \item Packages included due to package dependencies (in the order
- that that package dependencies are parsed)
- \item The "standard dirs" (which may have been specified by the
- ``-standarddirs'' option)
- \end{itemize}
-
+
\item[\texttt{--mpi}] This option enables certain MPI features (using
CPP \texttt{\#define}s) within the code and is necessary for MPI
- builds (see Section \ref{sect:mpi-build}).
-
+ builds (see Section \ref{sec:mpi-build}).
+
\item[\texttt{--make=/path/to/gmake}] Due to the poor handling of
soft-links and other bugs common with the \texttt{make} versions
provided by commercial Unix vendors, GNU \texttt{make} (sometimes
called \texttt{gmake}) should be preferred. This option provides a
means for specifying the make executable to be used.
-
+
\item[\texttt{--bash=/path/to/sh}] On some (usually older UNIX)
machines, the ``bash'' shell is unavailable. To run on these
systems, \texttt{genmake2} can be invoked using an ``sh'' (that is,
@@ -697,9 +718,8 @@
\end{description}
-
\subsection{Building with MPI}
-\label{sect:mpi-build}
+\label{sec:mpi-build}
Building MITgcm to use MPI libraries can be complicated due to the
variety of different MPI implementations available, their dependencies
@@ -711,10 +731,10 @@
The steps for building MITgcm with MPI support are:
\begin{enumerate}
-
+
\item Determine the locations of your MPI-enabled compiler and/or MPI
libraries and put them into an options file as described in Section
- \ref{sect:genmake}. One can start with one of the examples in:
+ \ref{sec:genmake}. One can start with one of the examples in:
\begin{rawhtml}
\end{rawhtml}
@@ -747,15 +767,15 @@
MPIexec
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
\end{itemize}
-
+
\item Build the code with the \texttt{genmake2} \texttt{-mpi} option
- (see Section \ref{sect:genmake}) using commands such as:
+ (see Section \ref{sec:genmake}) using commands such as:
{\footnotesize \begin{verbatim}
% ../../../tools/genmake2 -mods=../code -mpi -of=YOUR_OPTFILE
% make depend
% make
\end{verbatim} }
-
+
\item Run the code with the appropriate MPI ``run'' or ``exec''
program provided with your particular implementation of MPI.
Typical MPI packages such as MPICH will use something like:
@@ -767,10 +787,17 @@
library and a job scheduling and queueing system such as PBS,
LoadLeveller, Condor, or any of a number of similar tools. A few
example scripts (those used for our \begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}regular
+ href="http://mitgcm.org/public/testing.html"> \end{rawhtml}regular
verification runs\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}) are available
at:
\begin{rawhtml}
+ \end{rawhtml}
+ {\footnotesize \tt
+ http://mitgcm.org/viewvc/MITgcm/MITgcm/tools/example\_scripts/ }
+ \begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
+ or at:
+ \begin{rawhtml}
\end{rawhtml}
{\footnotesize \tt
@@ -796,12 +823,12 @@
\end{verbatim} }
\section[Running MITgcm]{Running the model in prognostic mode}
-\label{sect:runModel}
+\label{sec:runModel}
\begin{rawhtml}
\end{rawhtml}
-If compilation finished succesfully (section \ref{sect:buildingCode})
+If compilation finished succesfully (section \ref{sec:buildingCode})
then an executable called \texttt{mitgcmuv} will now exist in the
local directory.
@@ -829,8 +856,6 @@
compare your \texttt{output.txt} with the corresponding one for that
experiment to check that the set-up works.
-
-
\subsection{Output files}
The model produces various output files and, when using \texttt{mnc},
@@ -840,7 +865,6 @@
flags set (in \texttt{input/data.pkg}), the following output may
appear.
-
\subsubsection{MDSIO output files}
The ``traditional'' output files are generated by the \texttt{mdsio}
@@ -888,7 +912,7 @@
containing the D-grid velocity data and that has to be written out as well
in order to restart the integration. Rolling checkpoint files are the same
-as the pickup files but are named differently. Their name contain the chain
+as the pickup files but are named differently. Their name contain the chain
\texttt{ckptA} or \texttt{ckptB} instead of \texttt{00000nIter}. They can be
used to restart the model but are overwritten every other time they are
output to save disk space during long integrations.
@@ -897,7 +921,7 @@
Unlike the \texttt{mdsio} output, the \texttt{mnc}--generated output
is usually (though not necessarily) placed within a subdirectory with
-a name such as \texttt{mnc\_test\_\${DATE}\_\${SEQ}}.
+a name such as \texttt{mnc\_test\_\${DATE}\_\${SEQ}}.
\subsection{Looking at the output}
@@ -952,7 +976,7 @@
http://meteora.ucsd.edu/~pierce/ncview_home_page.html
\end{verbatim}
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}
-
+
\item MatLAB(c) and other common post-processing environments provide
various netCDF interfaces including:
\begin{rawhtml} \end{rawhtml}