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revision 1.17 by edhill, Thu Jan 29 15:11:39 2004 UTC revision 1.18 by edhill, Thu Jan 29 19:22:35 2004 UTC
# Line 940  simulation controls. Line 940  simulation controls.
940  \begin{description}  \begin{description}
941  \item[dimensions] \  \item[dimensions] \
942        
943    The number of points in the x, y,\textit{\ }and r\textit{\    The number of points in the x, y, and r directions are represented
944    }directions are represented by the variables \textbf{sNx}\textit{,    by the variables \textbf{sNx}, \textbf{sNy} and \textbf{Nr}
945    }\textbf{sNy}\textit{, } and \textbf{Nr}\textit{\ }respectively    respectively which are declared and set in the file
946    which are declared and set in the file \textit{model/inc/SIZE.h.    \textit{model/inc/SIZE.h}.  (Again, this assumes a mono-processor
947    }(Again, this assumes a mono-processor calculation. For    calculation. For multiprocessor calculations see the section on
948    multiprocessor calculations see section on parallel implementation.)    parallel implementation.)
949    
950  \item[grid] \  \item[grid] \
951        
952    Three different grids are available: cartesian, spherical polar, and    Three different grids are available: cartesian, spherical polar, and
953    curvilinear (including the cubed sphere). The grid is set through    curvilinear (which includes the cubed sphere). The grid is set
954    the logical variables \textbf{usingCartesianGrid}\textit{, }\textbf{    through the logical variables \textbf{usingCartesianGrid},
955      usingSphericalPolarGrid}\textit{, }and \textit{\ }\textbf{    \textbf{usingSphericalPolarGrid}, and \textbf{usingCurvilinearGrid}.
956      usingCurvilinearGrid}\textit{. }In the case of spherical and    In the case of spherical and curvilinear grids, the southern
957    curvilinear grids, the southern boundary is defined through the    boundary is defined through the variable \textbf{phiMin} which
958    variable \textbf{phiMin} \textit{\ }which corresponds to the    corresponds to the latitude of the southern most cell face (in
959    latitude of the southern most cell face (in degrees). The resolution    degrees). The resolution along the x and y directions is controlled
960    along the x and y directions is controlled by the 1D arrays    by the 1D arrays \textbf{delx} and \textbf{dely} (in meters in the
961    \textbf{delx}\textit{\ }and \textbf{dely}\textit{\ }(in meters in    case of a cartesian grid, in degrees otherwise).  The vertical grid
962    the case of a cartesian grid, in degrees otherwise). The vertical    spacing is set through the 1D array \textbf{delz} for the ocean (in
963    grid spacing is set through the 1D array \textbf{delz }for the ocean    meters) or \textbf{delp} for the atmosphere (in Pa).  The variable
964    (in meters) or \textbf{delp}\textit{\ }for the atmosphere (in Pa).    \textbf{Ro\_SeaLevel} represents the standard position of Sea-Level
965    The variable \textbf{ Ro\_SeaLevel} represents the standard position    in ``R'' coordinate. This is typically set to 0m for the ocean
966    of Sea-Level in ''R'' coordinate. This is typically set to 0m for    (default value) and 10$^{5}$Pa for the atmosphere. For the
967    the ocean (default value) and 10$ ^{5}$Pa for the atmosphere. For    atmosphere, also set the logical variable \textbf{groundAtK1} to
968    the atmosphere, also set the logical variable \textbf{groundAtK1} to    \texttt{'.TRUE.'} which puts the first level (k=1) at the lower
   '.\texttt{TRUE}.'. which put the first level (k=1) at the lower  
969    boundary (ground).    boundary (ground).
970        
971    For the cartesian grid case, the Coriolis parameter $f$ is set    For the cartesian grid case, the Coriolis parameter $f$ is set
972    through the variables \textbf{f0}\textit{\ }and    through the variables \textbf{f0} and \textbf{beta} which correspond
973    \textbf{beta}\textit{\ }which correspond to the reference Coriolis    to the reference Coriolis parameter (in s$^{-1}$) and
974    parameter (in s$^{-1}$) and $\frac{\partial f}{ \partial y}$(in    $\frac{\partial f}{ \partial y}$(in m$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$) respectively.
975    m$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$) respectively. If \textbf{beta }\textit{\ } is set    If \textbf{beta } is set to a nonzero value, \textbf{f0} is the
976    to a nonzero value, \textbf{f0}\textit{\ }is the value of $f$ at the    value of $f$ at the southern edge of the domain.
   southern edge of the domain.  
977    
978  \item[topography - full and partial cells] \  \item[topography - full and partial cells] \
979        
980    The domain bathymetry is read from a file that contains a 2D (x,y)    The domain bathymetry is read from a file that contains a 2D (x,y)
981    map of depths (in m) for the ocean or pressures (in Pa) for the    map of depths (in m) for the ocean or pressures (in Pa) for the
982    atmosphere. The file name is represented by the variable    atmosphere. The file name is represented by the variable
983    \textbf{bathyFile}\textit{. }The file is assumed to contain binary    \textbf{bathyFile}. The file is assumed to contain binary numbers
984    numbers giving the depth (pressure) of the model at each grid cell,    giving the depth (pressure) of the model at each grid cell, ordered
985    ordered with the x coordinate varying fastest. The points are    with the x coordinate varying fastest. The points are ordered from
986    ordered from low coordinate to high coordinate for both axes. The    low coordinate to high coordinate for both axes. The model code
987    model code applies without modification to enclosed, periodic, and    applies without modification to enclosed, periodic, and double
988    double periodic domains. Periodicity is assumed by default and is    periodic domains. Periodicity is assumed by default and is
989    suppressed by setting the depths to 0m for the cells at the limits    suppressed by setting the depths to 0m for the cells at the limits
990    of the computational domain (note: not sure this is the case for the    of the computational domain (note: not sure this is the case for the
991    atmosphere). The precision with which to read the binary data is    atmosphere). The precision with which to read the binary data is
992    controlled by the integer variable \textbf{readBinaryPrec }which can    controlled by the integer variable \textbf{readBinaryPrec} which can
993    take the value \texttt{32} (single precision) or \texttt{64} (double    take the value \texttt{32} (single precision) or \texttt{64} (double
994    precision). See the matlab program \textit{ gendata.m }in the    precision). See the matlab program \textit{gendata.m} in the
995    \textit{input }directories under \textit{verification }to see how    \textit{input} directories under \textit{verification} to see how
996    the bathymetry files are generated for the case study experiments.    the bathymetry files are generated for the case study experiments.
997        
998    To use the partial cell capability, the variable    To use the partial cell capability, the variable \textbf{hFacMin}
999    \textbf{hFacMin}\textit{\ } needs to be set to a value between 0 and    needs to be set to a value between 0 and 1 (it is set to 1 by
1000    1 (it is set to 1 by default) corresponding to the minimum    default) corresponding to the minimum fractional size of the cell.
1001    fractional size of the cell. For example if the bottom cell is 500m    For example if the bottom cell is 500m thick and \textbf{hFacMin} is
1002    thick and \textbf{hFacMin}\textit{\ }is set to 0.1, the actual    set to 0.1, the actual thickness of the cell (i.e. used in the code)
1003    thickness of the cell (i.e. used in the code) can cover a range of    can cover a range of discrete values 50m apart from 50m to 500m
1004    discrete values 50m apart from 50m to 500m depending on the value of    depending on the value of the bottom depth (in \textbf{bathyFile})
1005    the bottom depth (in \textbf{bathyFile}) at this point.    at this point.
1006        
1007    Note that the bottom depths (or pressures) need not coincide with    Note that the bottom depths (or pressures) need not coincide with
1008    the models levels as deduced from \textbf{delz}\textit{\    the models levels as deduced from \textbf{delz} or \textbf{delp}.
1009    }or\textit{\ }\textbf{delp} \textit{. }The model will interpolate    The model will interpolate the numbers in \textbf{bathyFile} so that
1010    the numbers in \textbf{bathyFile} \textit{\ }so that they match the    they match the levels obtained from \textbf{delz} or \textbf{delp}
1011    levels obtained from \textbf{delz}\textit{ \ }or\textit{\    and \textbf{hFacMin}.
   }\textbf{delp}\textit{\ }and \textbf{hFacMin}\textit{. }  
1012        
1013    (Note: the atmospheric case is a bit more complicated than what is    (Note: the atmospheric case is a bit more complicated than what is
1014    written here I think. To come soon...)    written here I think. To come soon...)
# Line 1026  simulation controls. Line 1023  simulation controls.
1023    \textbf{deltaT}). The Adams-Bashforth stabilizing parameter is set    \textbf{deltaT}). The Adams-Bashforth stabilizing parameter is set
1024    through the variable \textbf{abEps} (dimensionless). The stagger    through the variable \textbf{abEps} (dimensionless). The stagger
1025    baroclinic time stepping can be activated by setting the logical    baroclinic time stepping can be activated by setting the logical
1026    variable \textbf{staggerTimeStep} to '.\texttt{TRUE}.'.    variable \textbf{staggerTimeStep} to \texttt{'.TRUE.'}.
1027    
1028  \end{description}  \end{description}
1029    
# Line 1044  humidity profile (in g/kg) for the atmos Line 1041  humidity profile (in g/kg) for the atmos
1041    
1042  The form of the equation of state is controlled by the character  The form of the equation of state is controlled by the character
1043  variables \textbf{buoyancyRelation} and \textbf{eosType}.  variables \textbf{buoyancyRelation} and \textbf{eosType}.
1044  \textbf{buoyancyRelation} is set to '\texttt{OCEANIC}' by default and  \textbf{buoyancyRelation} is set to \texttt{'OCEANIC'} by default and
1045  needs to be set to '\texttt{ATMOSPHERIC}' for atmosphere simulations.  needs to be set to \texttt{'ATMOSPHERIC'} for atmosphere simulations.
1046  In this case, \textbf{eosType} must be set to '\texttt{IDEALGAS}'.  In this case, \textbf{eosType} must be set to \texttt{'IDEALGAS'}.
1047  For the ocean, two forms of the equation of state are available:  For the ocean, two forms of the equation of state are available:
1048  linear (set \textbf{eosType} to '\texttt{LINEAR}') and a polynomial  linear (set \textbf{eosType} to \texttt{'LINEAR'}) and a polynomial
1049  approximation to the full nonlinear equation ( set  approximation to the full nonlinear equation ( set \textbf{eosType} to
1050  \textbf{eosType}\textit{\ }to '\texttt{POLYNOMIAL}'). In the linear  \texttt{'POLYNOMIAL'}). In the linear case, you need to specify the
1051  case, you need to specify the thermal and haline expansion  thermal and haline expansion coefficients represented by the variables
1052  coefficients represented by the variables \textbf{tAlpha}\textit{\  \textbf{tAlpha} (in K$^{-1}$) and \textbf{sBeta} (in ppt$^{-1}$). For
1053    }(in K$^{-1}$) and \textbf{sBeta} (in ppt$^{-1}$). For the nonlinear  the nonlinear case, you need to generate a file of polynomial
1054  case, you need to generate a file of polynomial coefficients called  coefficients called \textit{POLY3.COEFFS}. To do this, use the program
 \textit{POLY3.COEFFS}. To do this, use the program  
1055  \textit{utils/knudsen2/knudsen2.f} under the model tree (a Makefile is  \textit{utils/knudsen2/knudsen2.f} under the model tree (a Makefile is
1056  available in the same directory and you will need to edit the number  available in the same directory and you will need to edit the number
1057  and the values of the vertical levels in \textit{knudsen2.f} so that  and the values of the vertical levels in \textit{knudsen2.f} so that
# Line 1063  they match those of your configuration). Line 1059  they match those of your configuration).
1059    
1060  There there are also higher polynomials for the equation of state:  There there are also higher polynomials for the equation of state:
1061  \begin{description}  \begin{description}
1062  \item['\texttt{UNESCO}':] The UNESCO equation of state formula of  \item[\texttt{'UNESCO'}:] The UNESCO equation of state formula of
1063    Fofonoff and Millard \cite{fofonoff83}. This equation of state    Fofonoff and Millard \cite{fofonoff83}. This equation of state
1064    assumes in-situ temperature, which is not a model variable; \emph{its use    assumes in-situ temperature, which is not a model variable; {\em its
1065    is therefore discouraged, and it is only listed for completeness}.      use is therefore discouraged, and it is only listed for
1066  \item['\texttt{JMD95Z}':] A modified UNESCO formula by Jackett and      completeness}.
1067    \item[\texttt{'JMD95Z'}:] A modified UNESCO formula by Jackett and
1068    McDougall \cite{jackett95}, which uses the model variable potential    McDougall \cite{jackett95}, which uses the model variable potential
1069    temperature as input. The '\texttt{Z}' indicates that this equation    temperature as input. The \texttt{'Z'} indicates that this equation
1070    of state uses a horizontally and temporally constant pressure    of state uses a horizontally and temporally constant pressure
1071    $p_{0}=-g\rho_{0}z$.    $p_{0}=-g\rho_{0}z$.
1072  \item['\texttt{JMD95P}':] A modified UNESCO formula by Jackett and  \item[\texttt{'JMD95P'}:] A modified UNESCO formula by Jackett and
1073    McDougall \cite{jackett95}, which uses the model variable potential    McDougall \cite{jackett95}, which uses the model variable potential
1074    temperature as input. The '\texttt{P}' indicates that this equation    temperature as input. The \texttt{'P'} indicates that this equation
1075    of state uses the actual hydrostatic pressure of the last time    of state uses the actual hydrostatic pressure of the last time
1076    step. Lagging the pressure in this way requires an additional pickup    step. Lagging the pressure in this way requires an additional pickup
1077    file for restarts.    file for restarts.
1078  \item['\texttt{MDJWF}':] The new, more accurate and less expensive  \item[\texttt{'MDJWF'}:] The new, more accurate and less expensive
1079    equation of state by McDougall et~al. \cite{mcdougall03}. It also    equation of state by McDougall et~al. \cite{mcdougall03}. It also
1080    requires lagging the pressure and therefore an additional pickup    requires lagging the pressure and therefore an additional pickup
1081    file for restarts.    file for restarts.
# Line 1088  salinity is required. Line 1085  salinity is required.
1085    
1086  \subsection{Momentum equations}  \subsection{Momentum equations}
1087    
1088  In this section, we only focus for now on the parameters that you are likely  In this section, we only focus for now on the parameters that you are
1089  to change, i.e. the ones relative to forcing and dissipation for example.  likely to change, i.e. the ones relative to forcing and dissipation
1090  The details relevant to the vector-invariant form of the equations and the  for example.  The details relevant to the vector-invariant form of the
1091  various advection schemes are not covered for the moment. We assume that you  equations and the various advection schemes are not covered for the
1092  use the standard form of the momentum equations (i.e. the flux-form) with  moment. We assume that you use the standard form of the momentum
1093  the default advection scheme. Also, there are a few logical variables that  equations (i.e. the flux-form) with the default advection scheme.
1094  allow you to turn on/off various terms in the momentum equation. These  Also, there are a few logical variables that allow you to turn on/off
1095  variables are called \textbf{momViscosity, momAdvection, momForcing,  various terms in the momentum equation. These variables are called
1096  useCoriolis, momPressureForcing, momStepping}\textit{, }and \textit{\ }%  \textbf{momViscosity, momAdvection, momForcing, useCoriolis,
1097  \textbf{metricTerms }and are assumed to be set to '.\texttt{TRUE}.' here.    momPressureForcing, momStepping} and \textbf{metricTerms }and are
1098  Look at the file \textit{model/inc/PARAMS.h }for a precise definition of  assumed to be set to \texttt{'.TRUE.'} here.  Look at the file
1099  these variables.  \textit{model/inc/PARAMS.h }for a precise definition of these
1100    variables.
1101    
1102  \begin{description}  \begin{description}
1103  \item[initialization] \  \item[initialization] \
# Line 1111  these variables. Line 1109  these variables.
1109  \item[forcing] \  \item[forcing] \
1110        
1111    This section only applies to the ocean. You need to generate    This section only applies to the ocean. You need to generate
1112    wind-stress data into two files \textbf{zonalWindFile}\textit{\ }and    wind-stress data into two files \textbf{zonalWindFile} and
1113    \textbf{ meridWindFile }corresponding to the zonal and meridional    \textbf{meridWindFile} corresponding to the zonal and meridional
1114    components of the wind stress, respectively (if you want the stress    components of the wind stress, respectively (if you want the stress
1115    to be along the direction of only one of the model horizontal axes,    to be along the direction of only one of the model horizontal axes,
1116    you only need to generate one file). The format of the files is    you only need to generate one file). The format of the files is
1117    similar to the bathymetry file. The zonal (meridional) stress data    similar to the bathymetry file. The zonal (meridional) stress data
1118    are assumed to be in Pa and located at U-points (V-points). As for    are assumed to be in Pa and located at U-points (V-points). As for
1119    the bathymetry, the precision with which to read the binary data is    the bathymetry, the precision with which to read the binary data is
1120    controlled by the variable \textbf{readBinaryPrec}.\textbf{\ } See    controlled by the variable \textbf{readBinaryPrec}.  See the matlab
1121    the matlab program \textit{gendata.m }in the \textit{input    program \textit{gendata.m} in the \textit{input} directories under
1122    }directories under \textit{verification }to see how simple    \textit{verification} to see how simple analytical wind forcing data
1123    analytical wind forcing data are generated for the case study    are generated for the case study experiments.
   experiments.  
1124        
1125    There is also the possibility of prescribing time-dependent periodic    There is also the possibility of prescribing time-dependent periodic
1126    forcing. To do this, concatenate the successive time records into a    forcing. To do this, concatenate the successive time records into a
1127    single file (for each stress component) ordered in a (x, y, t)    single file (for each stress component) ordered in a (x,y,t) fashion
1128    fashion and set the following variables:    and set the following variables: \textbf{periodicExternalForcing }to
1129    \textbf{periodicExternalForcing }to '.\texttt{TRUE}.',    \texttt{'.TRUE.'}, \textbf{externForcingPeriod }to the period (in s)
1130    \textbf{externForcingPeriod }to the period (in s) of which the    of which the forcing varies (typically 1 month), and
1131    forcing varies (typically 1 month), and \textbf{externForcingCycle    \textbf{externForcingCycle} to the repeat time (in s) of the forcing
1132    }to the repeat time (in s) of the forcing (typically 1 year -- note:    (typically 1 year -- note: \textbf{ externForcingCycle} must be a
1133    \textbf{ externForcingCycle }must be a multiple of    multiple of \textbf{externForcingPeriod}).  With these variables set
1134    \textbf{externForcingPeriod}).  With these variables set up, the    up, the model will interpolate the forcing linearly at each
1135    model will interpolate the forcing linearly at each iteration.    iteration.
1136    
1137  \item[dissipation] \  \item[dissipation] \
1138        
1139    The lateral eddy viscosity coefficient is specified through the    The lateral eddy viscosity coefficient is specified through the
1140    variable \textbf{viscAh}\textit{\ }(in m$^{2}$s$^{-1}$). The    variable \textbf{viscAh} (in m$^{2}$s$^{-1}$). The vertical eddy
1141    vertical eddy viscosity coefficient is specified through the    viscosity coefficient is specified through the variable
1142    variable \textbf{viscAz }(in m$^{2}$s$ ^{-1}$) for the ocean and    \textbf{viscAz} (in m$^{2}$s$^{-1}$) for the ocean and
1143    \textbf{viscAp}\textit{\ }(in Pa$^{2}$s$^{-1}$) for the atmosphere.    \textbf{viscAp} (in Pa$^{2}$s$^{-1}$) for the atmosphere.  The
1144    The vertical diffusive fluxes can be computed implicitly by setting    vertical diffusive fluxes can be computed implicitly by setting the
1145    the logical variable \textbf{implicitViscosity }to '.\texttt{TRUE}    logical variable \textbf{implicitViscosity }to \texttt{'.TRUE.'}.
1146    .'. In addition, biharmonic mixing can be added as well through the    In addition, biharmonic mixing can be added as well through the
1147    variable \textbf{viscA4}\textit{\ }(in m$^{4}$s$^{-1}$). On a    variable \textbf{viscA4} (in m$^{4}$s$^{-1}$). On a spherical polar
1148    spherical polar grid, you might also need to set the variable    grid, you might also need to set the variable \textbf{cosPower}
1149    \textbf{cosPower} which is set to 0 by default and which represents    which is set to 0 by default and which represents the power of
1150    the power of cosine of latitude to multiply viscosity. Slip or    cosine of latitude to multiply viscosity. Slip or no-slip conditions
1151    no-slip conditions at lateral and bottom boundaries are specified    at lateral and bottom boundaries are specified through the logical
1152    through the logical variables \textbf{no\_slip\_sides}\textit{\ }    variables \textbf{no\_slip\_sides} and \textbf{no\_slip\_bottom}. If
1153    and \textbf{no\_slip\_bottom}. If set to '\texttt{.FALSE.}',    set to \texttt{'.FALSE.'}, free-slip boundary conditions are
1154    free-slip boundary conditions are applied. If no-slip boundary    applied. If no-slip boundary conditions are applied at the bottom, a
1155    conditions are applied at the bottom, a bottom drag can be applied    bottom drag can be applied as well. Two forms are available: linear
1156    as well. Two forms are available: linear (set the variable    (set the variable \textbf{bottomDragLinear} in s$ ^{-1}$) and
1157    \textbf{bottomDragLinear}\textit{\ }in s$ ^{-1}$) and quadratic (set    quadratic (set the variable \textbf{bottomDragQuadratic} in
1158    the variable \textbf{bottomDragQuadratic}\textit{ \ }in m$^{-1}$).    m$^{-1}$).
1159    
1160    The Fourier and Shapiro filters are described elsewhere.    The Fourier and Shapiro filters are described elsewhere.
1161    
# Line 1172  these variables. Line 1169  these variables.
1169  \item[calculation of pressure/geopotential] \  \item[calculation of pressure/geopotential] \
1170        
1171    First, to run a non-hydrostatic ocean simulation, set the logical    First, to run a non-hydrostatic ocean simulation, set the logical
1172    variable \textbf{nonHydrostatic} to '.\texttt{TRUE}.'. The pressure    variable \textbf{nonHydrostatic} to \texttt{'.TRUE.'}. The pressure
1173    field is then inverted through a 3D elliptic equation. (Note: this    field is then inverted through a 3D elliptic equation. (Note: this
1174    capability is not available for the atmosphere yet.) By default, a    capability is not available for the atmosphere yet.) By default, a
1175    hydrostatic simulation is assumed and a 2D elliptic equation is used    hydrostatic simulation is assumed and a 2D elliptic equation is used
1176    to invert the pressure field. The parameters controlling the    to invert the pressure field. The parameters controlling the
1177    behaviour of the elliptic solvers are the variables    behaviour of the elliptic solvers are the variables
1178    \textbf{cg2dMaxIters}\textit{\ }and \textbf{cg2dTargetResidual } for    \textbf{cg2dMaxIters} and \textbf{cg2dTargetResidual } for
1179    the 2D case and \textbf{cg3dMaxIters}\textit{\ }and \textbf{    the 2D case and \textbf{cg3dMaxIters} and
1180      cg3dTargetResidual }for the 3D case. You probably won't need to    \textbf{cg3dTargetResidual} for the 3D case. You probably won't need to
1181    alter the default values (are we sure of this?).    alter the default values (are we sure of this?).
1182        
1183    For the calculation of the surface pressure (for the ocean) or    For the calculation of the surface pressure (for the ocean) or
1184    surface geopotential (for the atmosphere) you need to set the    surface geopotential (for the atmosphere) you need to set the
1185    logical variables \textbf{rigidLid} and    logical variables \textbf{rigidLid} and \textbf{implicitFreeSurface}
1186    \textbf{implicitFreeSurface}\textit{\ }(set one to '.    (set one to \texttt{'.TRUE.'} and the other to \texttt{'.FALSE.'}
1187    \texttt{TRUE}.' and the other to '.\texttt{FALSE}.' depending on how    depending on how you want to deal with the ocean upper or atmosphere
1188    you want to deal with the ocean upper or atmosphere lower boundary).    lower boundary).
1189    
1190  \end{description}  \end{description}
1191    
1192  \subsection{Tracer equations}  \subsection{Tracer equations}
1193    
1194  This section covers the tracer equations i.e. the potential temperature  This section covers the tracer equations i.e. the potential
1195  equation and the salinity (for the ocean) or specific humidity (for the  temperature equation and the salinity (for the ocean) or specific
1196  atmosphere) equation. As for the momentum equations, we only describe for  humidity (for the atmosphere) equation. As for the momentum equations,
1197  now the parameters that you are likely to change. The logical variables  we only describe for now the parameters that you are likely to change.
1198  \textbf{tempDiffusion}\textit{, }\textbf{tempAdvection}\textit{, }\textbf{  The logical variables \textbf{tempDiffusion} \textbf{tempAdvection}
1199  tempForcing}\textit{,} and \textbf{tempStepping} allow you to turn on/off  \textbf{tempForcing}, and \textbf{tempStepping} allow you to turn
1200  terms in the temperature equation (same thing for salinity or specific  on/off terms in the temperature equation (same thing for salinity or
1201  humidity with variables \textbf{saltDiffusion}\textit{, }\textbf{  specific humidity with variables \textbf{saltDiffusion},
1202  saltAdvection}\textit{\ }etc). These variables are all assumed here to be  \textbf{saltAdvection} etc.). These variables are all assumed here to
1203  set to '.\texttt{TRUE}.'. Look at file \textit{model/inc/PARAMS.h }for a  be set to \texttt{'.TRUE.'}. Look at file \textit{model/inc/PARAMS.h}
1204  precise definition.  for a precise definition.
1205    
1206  \begin{description}  \begin{description}
1207  \item[initialization] \  \item[initialization] \
1208        
1209    The initial tracer data can be contained in the binary files    The initial tracer data can be contained in the binary files
1210    \textbf{ hydrogThetaFile }and \textbf{hydrogSaltFile}. These files    \textbf{hydrogThetaFile} and \textbf{hydrogSaltFile}. These files
1211    should contain 3D data ordered in an (x, y, r) fashion with k=1 as    should contain 3D data ordered in an (x,y,r) fashion with k=1 as the
1212    the first vertical level.  If no file names are provided, the    first vertical level.  If no file names are provided, the tracers
1213    tracers are then initialized with the values of \textbf{tRef }and    are then initialized with the values of \textbf{tRef} and
1214    \textbf{sRef }mentioned above (in the equation of state section). In    \textbf{sRef} mentioned above (in the equation of state section). In
1215    this case, the initial tracer data are uniform in x and y for each    this case, the initial tracer data are uniform in x and y for each
1216    depth level.    depth level.
1217    
# Line 1224  precise definition. Line 1221  precise definition.
1221    atmosphere not being completely stabilized at the moment.    atmosphere not being completely stabilized at the moment.
1222        
1223    A combination of fluxes data and relaxation terms can be used for    A combination of fluxes data and relaxation terms can be used for
1224    driving the tracer equations. \ For potential temperature, heat flux    driving the tracer equations.  For potential temperature, heat flux
1225    data (in W/m$ ^{2}$) can be stored in the 2D binary file    data (in W/m$ ^{2}$) can be stored in the 2D binary file
1226    \textbf{surfQfile}\textit{. }  Alternatively or in addition, the    \textbf{surfQfile}.  Alternatively or in addition, the forcing can
1227    forcing can be specified through a relaxation term. The SST data to    be specified through a relaxation term. The SST data to which the
1228    which the model surface temperatures are restored to are supposed to    model surface temperatures are restored to are supposed to be stored
1229    be stored in the 2D binary file \textbf{ thetaClimFile}\textit{.    in the 2D binary file \textbf{thetaClimFile}. The corresponding
1230    }The corresponding relaxation time scale coefficient is set through    relaxation time scale coefficient is set through the variable
1231    the variable \textbf{tauThetaClimRelax}\textit{\ }(in s). The same    \textbf{tauThetaClimRelax} (in s). The same procedure applies for
1232    procedure applies for salinity with the variable names    salinity with the variable names \textbf{EmPmRfile},
1233    \textbf{EmPmRfile }\textit{, }\textbf{saltClimFile}\textit{, }and    \textbf{saltClimFile}, and \textbf{tauSaltClimRelax} for freshwater
1234    \textbf{tauSaltClimRelax} \textit{\ }for freshwater flux (in m/s)    flux (in m/s) and surface salinity (in ppt) data files and
1235    and surface salinity (in ppt) data files and relaxation time scale    relaxation time scale coefficient (in s), respectively. Also for
1236    coefficient (in s), respectively. Also for salinity, if the CPP key    salinity, if the CPP key \textbf{USE\_NATURAL\_BCS} is turned on,
1237    \textbf{USE\_NATURAL\_BCS} is turned on, natural boundary conditions    natural boundary conditions are applied i.e. when computing the
1238    are applied i.e. when computing the surface salinity tendency, the    surface salinity tendency, the freshwater flux is multiplied by the
1239    freshwater flux is multiplied by the model surface salinity instead    model surface salinity instead of a constant salinity value.
   of a constant salinity value.  
1240        
1241    As for the other input files, the precision with which to read the    As for the other input files, the precision with which to read the
1242    data is controlled by the variable \textbf{readBinaryPrec}.    data is controlled by the variable \textbf{readBinaryPrec}.
# Line 1250  precise definition. Line 1246  precise definition.
1246  \item[dissipation] \  \item[dissipation] \
1247        
1248    Lateral eddy diffusivities for temperature and salinity/specific    Lateral eddy diffusivities for temperature and salinity/specific
1249    humidity are specified through the variables \textbf{diffKhT }and    humidity are specified through the variables \textbf{diffKhT} and
1250    \textbf{diffKhS } (in m$^{2}$/s). Vertical eddy diffusivities are    \textbf{diffKhS} (in m$^{2}$/s). Vertical eddy diffusivities are
1251    specified through the variables \textbf{diffKzT }and \textbf{diffKzS    specified through the variables \textbf{diffKzT} and
1252    }(in m$^{2}$/s) for the ocean and \textbf{diffKpT }and    \textbf{diffKzS} (in m$^{2}$/s) for the ocean and \textbf{diffKpT
1253    \textbf{diffKpS }(in Pa$^{2}$/s) for the atmosphere. The vertical    }and \textbf{diffKpS} (in Pa$^{2}$/s) for the atmosphere. The
1254    diffusive fluxes can be computed implicitly by setting the logical    vertical diffusive fluxes can be computed implicitly by setting the
1255    variable \textbf{implicitDiffusion }to '.\texttt{TRUE} .'. In    logical variable \textbf{implicitDiffusion} to \texttt{'.TRUE.'}.
1256    addition, biharmonic diffusivities can be specified as well through    In addition, biharmonic diffusivities can be specified as well
1257    the coefficients \textbf{diffK4T }and \textbf{diffK4S }(in    through the coefficients \textbf{diffK4T} and \textbf{diffK4S} (in
1258    m$^{4}$/s). Note that the cosine power scaling (specified through    m$^{4}$/s). Note that the cosine power scaling (specified through
1259    \textbf{cosPower }- see the momentum equations section) is applied    \textbf{cosPower}---see the momentum equations section) is applied to
1260    to the tracer diffusivities (Laplacian and biharmonic) as well. The    the tracer diffusivities (Laplacian and biharmonic) as well. The
1261    Gent and McWilliams parameterization for oceanic tracers is    Gent and McWilliams parameterization for oceanic tracers is
1262    described in the package section. Finally, note that tracers can be    described in the package section. Finally, note that tracers can be
1263    also subject to Fourier and Shapiro filtering (see the corresponding    also subject to Fourier and Shapiro filtering (see the corresponding
# Line 1276  precise definition. Line 1272  precise definition.
1272    value (if set to a negative value by the user, the model will set it    value (if set to a negative value by the user, the model will set it
1273    to the tracer time step). The other option is to parameterize    to the tracer time step). The other option is to parameterize
1274    convection with implicit vertical diffusion. To do this, set the    convection with implicit vertical diffusion. To do this, set the
1275    logical variable \textbf{implicitDiffusion }to '.\texttt{TRUE} .'    logical variable \textbf{implicitDiffusion} to \texttt{'.TRUE.'}
1276    and the real variable \textbf{ivdc\_kappa }to a value (in m$^{2}$/s)    and the real variable \textbf{ivdc\_kappa} to a value (in m$^{2}$/s)
1277    you wish the tracer vertical diffusivities to have when mixing    you wish the tracer vertical diffusivities to have when mixing
1278    tracers vertically due to static instabilities. Note that    tracers vertically due to static instabilities. Note that
1279    \textbf{cadjFreq }and \textbf{ivdc\_kappa }can not both have    \textbf{cadjFreq} and \textbf{ivdc\_kappa}can not both have non-zero
1280    non-zero value.    value.
1281    
1282  \end{description}  \end{description}
1283    
1284  \subsection{Simulation controls}  \subsection{Simulation controls}
1285    
1286  The model ''clock'' is defined by the variable \textbf{deltaTClock }(in s)  The model ''clock'' is defined by the variable \textbf{deltaTClock}
1287  which determines the IO frequencies and is used in tagging output.  (in s) which determines the IO frequencies and is used in tagging
1288  Typically, you will set it to the tracer time step for accelerated runs  output.  Typically, you will set it to the tracer time step for
1289  (otherwise it is simply set to the default time step \textbf{deltaT}).  accelerated runs (otherwise it is simply set to the default time step
1290  Frequency of checkpointing and dumping of the model state are referenced to  \textbf{deltaT}).  Frequency of checkpointing and dumping of the model
1291  this clock (see below).  state are referenced to this clock (see below).
1292    
1293  \begin{description}  \begin{description}
1294  \item[run duration] \  \item[run duration] \
1295        
1296    The beginning of a simulation is set by specifying a start time (in    The beginning of a simulation is set by specifying a start time (in
1297    s) through the real variable \textbf{startTime }or by specifying an    s) through the real variable \textbf{startTime} or by specifying an
1298    initial iteration number through the integer variable    initial iteration number through the integer variable
1299    \textbf{nIter0}. If these variables are set to nonzero values, the    \textbf{nIter0}. If these variables are set to nonzero values, the
1300    model will look for a ''pickup'' file \textit{pickup.0000nIter0 }to    model will look for a ''pickup'' file \textit{pickup.0000nIter0} to
1301    restart the integration\textit{. }The end of a simulation is set    restart the integration. The end of a simulation is set through the
1302    through the real variable \textbf{endTime }(in s).  Alternatively,    real variable \textbf{endTime} (in s).  Alternatively, you can
1303    you can specify instead the number of time steps to execute through    specify instead the number of time steps to execute through the
1304    the integer variable \textbf{nTimeSteps}.    integer variable \textbf{nTimeSteps}.
1305    
1306  \item[frequency of output] \  \item[frequency of output] \
1307        
1308    Real variables defining frequencies (in s) with which output files    Real variables defining frequencies (in s) with which output files
1309    are written on disk need to be set up. \textbf{dumpFreq }controls    are written on disk need to be set up. \textbf{dumpFreq} controls
1310    the frequency with which the instantaneous state of the model is    the frequency with which the instantaneous state of the model is
1311    saved. \textbf{chkPtFreq } and \textbf{pchkPtFreq }control the    saved. \textbf{chkPtFreq} and \textbf{pchkPtFreq} control the output
1312    output frequency of rolling and permanent checkpoint files,    frequency of rolling and permanent checkpoint files, respectively.
1313    respectively. See section 1.5.1 Output files for the definition of    See section 1.5.1 Output files for the definition of model state and
1314    model state and checkpoint files. In addition, time-averaged fields    checkpoint files. In addition, time-averaged fields can be written
1315    can be written out by setting the variable \textbf{taveFreq} (in s).    out by setting the variable \textbf{taveFreq} (in s).  The precision
1316    The precision with which to write the binary data is controlled by    with which to write the binary data is controlled by the integer
1317    the integer variable w\textbf{riteBinaryPrec }(set it to \texttt{32}    variable w\textbf{riteBinaryPrec} (set it to \texttt{32} or
1318    or \texttt{ 64}).    \texttt{64}).
1319    
1320  \end{description}  \end{description}
1321    

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