ceaice_split_version/ceaice_part1/ceaice_abstract.tex

\begin{abstract}
This paper describes the sea ice component of the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology general circulation model (MITgcm);
it presents example Arctic and Antarctic results from a
realistic, 
eddy-admitting,
global ocean and sea ice configuration;
and it compares B-grid and C-grid dynamic solvers and other
numerical details of the parameterized dynamics and thermodynamics in a
regional Arctic
configuration.
Ice mechanics follow a viscous-plastic rheology and the ice momentum
equations are solved numerically using either
line-successive-over-relaxation (LSOR) or elastic-viscous-plastic
(EVP) dynamic models.  Ice thermodynamics are represented using either
a zero-heat-capacity formulation or a two-layer formulation that
conserves enthalpy. The model includes prognostic variables for snow
thickness and for sea ice salinity. The above sea ice model components were
borrowed from current-generation climate models but they were
reformulated on an Arakawa~C grid in order to match the MITgcm oceanic
grid and they were modified in many ways to permit efficient and
accurate automatic differentiation. %
Both stress tensor divergence and advective terms are discretized with
the finite-volume method. % 
The choice of the dynamic solver has a considerable
effect on the solution; this effect can be larger than, for example,
the choice of lateral boundary conditions, of ice rheology, and of
ice-ocean stress coupling. The solutions obtained with different
dynamic solvers typically differ
by 4\,cm\,s$^{-1}$ in ice drift speeds, 1\,m in ice thickness, and
order 300\,km$^3$\,yr$^{-1}$ in freshwater (ice and snow) export
out of the Arctic.

\end{abstract}

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1	heimbach	1.1	\begin{abstract}
2	dimitri	1.14	This paper describes the sea ice component of the Massachusetts Institute of
3			Technology general circulation model (MITgcm);
4			it presents example Arctic and Antarctic results from a
5	heimbach	1.10	realistic,
6	dimitri	1.12	eddy-admitting,
7	heimbach	1.10	global ocean and sea ice configuration;
8	cnh	1.8	and it compares B-grid and C-grid dynamic solvers and other
9			numerical details of the parameterized dynamics and thermodynamics in a
10			regional Arctic
11			configuration.
12			Ice mechanics follow a viscous-plastic rheology and the ice momentum
13	mlosch	1.2	equations are solved numerically using either
14			line-successive-over-relaxation (LSOR) or elastic-viscous-plastic
15			(EVP) dynamic models. Ice thermodynamics are represented using either
16			a zero-heat-capacity formulation or a two-layer formulation that
17	mlosch	1.9	conserves enthalpy. The model includes prognostic variables for snow
18	mlosch	1.15	thickness and for sea ice salinity. The above sea ice model components were
19	mlosch	1.2	borrowed from current-generation climate models but they were
20	mlosch	1.3	reformulated on an Arakawa~C grid in order to match the MITgcm oceanic
21	mlosch	1.2	grid and they were modified in many ways to permit efficient and
22	mlosch	1.9	accurate automatic differentiation. %
23			Both stress tensor divergence and advective terms are discretized with
24			the finite-volume method. %
25	cnh	1.8	The choice of the dynamic solver has a considerable
26	mlosch	1.3	effect on the solution; this effect can be larger than, for example,
27	dimitri	1.4	the choice of lateral boundary conditions, of ice rheology, and of
28	mlosch	1.3	ice-ocean stress coupling. The solutions obtained with different
29	mlosch	1.5	dynamic solvers typically differ
30			by 4\,cm\,s$^{-1}$ in ice drift speeds, 1\,m in ice thickness, and
31	mlosch	1.13	order 300\,km$^3$\,yr$^{-1}$ in freshwater (ice and snow) export
32	mlosch	1.3	out of the Arctic.
33	heimbach	1.1
34			\end{abstract}
35	mlosch	1.3
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