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Tue Mar 11 14:46:32 2008 UTC (17 years, 4 months ago) by mlosch
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 1.2: +13 -11 lines
fix a few references

1 @Article{Barnier:1995,
2 author = "Bernard Barnier and L. Siefridt and P. Marchesiello",
3 title = "Thermal Forcing for a Global Ocean Circulation Model
4 Using a Three-year Climatology of {ECMWF} analyses",
5 journal = jms,
6 year = 1995,
7 volume = 6,
8 pages = "363--380"
9 }
10
11 @Article{Bersch:1995,
12 author = {Manfred Bersch},
13 title = {On the Circulation of the northeastern {N}orth
14 {A}tlantic},
15 journal = dsr,
16 year = 1995,
17 volume = 42,
18 number = 9,
19 pages = {1583--1607}
20 }
21
22 @TechReport{Boyer:1994,
23 author = {T. P. Boyer and S. Levitus},
24 title = {Quality control and processing of historical
25 oceanographic temperature, salinity, and oxygen
26 data.},
27 institution = {{NOAA}},
28 year = 1994,
29 type = {{NOAA} {A}tlas {S}eries},
30 number = {NESDIS 81},
31 address = {Washington, D.C.},
32 note = {64 pp.}
33 }
34
35 @TechReport{Boyer:1997,
36 author = "T. P. Boyer and S. Levitus",
37 title = "Objective Analyses of Temperature and Salinity for
38 the Word Ocean on a 1/4 degree grid",
39 institution = "U.S. Gov. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.",
40 type = {{NOAA}/{NESDIS} {A}tlas},
41 year = 1997,
42 number = "11"
43 }
44
45 @Article{Bryden:1973,
46 author = "H. L. Bryden",
47 title = "New Polynomials for Thermal Expansion, Adiabatic
48 Temperature Gradient and Potential Temperature of
49 Sea Water",
50 journal = dsr,
51 year = 1973,
52 volume = 20,
53 pages = "401--408"
54 }
55
56 @Article{Bryden:1991,
57 author = {Harry L. Bryden and Dean H. Roemmich and
58 John. A. Church},
59 title = {Ocean Heat Transport Across 24 Degree {N} in the
60 {P}acific},
61 journal = dsr,
62 year = 1991,
63 volume = 38,
64 number = {3A},
65 pages = {397--324}
66 }
67
68 @InCollection{Bryden:93,
69 author = "H. L. Bryden",
70 title = "Ocean Heat Transport Across {24$^{\circ}$N} Latitude",
71 booktitle = "Interactions Between Global Climate Subsystems",
72 publisher = "American Geophysical Union",
73 year = 1993,
74 editor = "G. A. {McBean} and M. Hantel",
75 volume = 75,
76 series = "{AGU} Geophysical Monograph",
77 pages = "65-75",
78 address = "Washington, DC"
79 }
80
81 @Article{Chelton:1990,
82 author = "D. B. Chelton and Mestas-Nu{\~n}ez and
83 F. J. Freilich",
84 title = "Global Wind Stress and {S}verdrup Circulation from
85 the {S}easat Scatterometer",
86 journal = jpo,
87 year = 1990,
88 volume = 20,
89 pages = "1175--1205"
90 }
91
92 @InProceedings{Defant:1941,
93 author = {A. Defant},
94 title = {{Q}uantitative {U}ntersuchungen zur {S}tatik und
95 {D}ynamik des {A}tlantischen {O}zeans. {D}ie
96 absolute {T}opographie des physikalischen
97 {M}eeresniveaus und der {D}ruckfl{\"a}chen sowie die
98 {W}asserbewegungen im {R}aum des {A}tlantischen
99 {O}zeans},
100 booktitle = {{W}issenschaftliche {E}rgebnisse der {D}eutschen
101 {A}tlantischen {E}xpedition auf dem {F}orschungs-
102 und {V}ermessungsschiff {``Meteor''}},
103 pages = {191--260},
104 year = 1941,
105 volume = {6:2}
106 }
107
108
109 @TechReport{Fofonoff:1983,
110 author = "Fofonoff, P. and Millard, Jr., R.C.",
111 title = "Algorithms for Computation of Fundamental Properties
112 of Seawater",
113 institution = "Unesco",
114 year = 1983,
115 type = "Unesco Technical Papers in Marine Science",
116 number = 44,
117 pages = {53 pp.}
118 }
119
120 @Book{Gill:1982,
121 author = {Adrian E. Gill},
122 title = {Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics},
123 publisher = {Academic Press},
124 year = 1982,
125 volume = 30,
126 pages = {666},
127 series = {International Geophysics Series}
128 }
129
130 @Article{Hidaka:1940a,
131 author = {K. Hidaka},
132 title = {Absolute Evaluation of Ocean Currents in Dynamic
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134 journal = piat,
135 year = 1940,
136 volume = 16,
137 pages = {391--393}
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139
140 @Article{Hidaka:1940b,
141 author = {K. Hidaka},
142 title = {Practial Evaluation of Ocean Currents},
143 journal = piat,
144 year = 1940,
145 volume = 16,
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148
149 @TechReport{Levitus:1994a,
150 author = {S. Levitus and T.P. Boyer},
151 title = {{W}orld {O}cean {A}tlas 1994. {V}olume 2: {O}xygen},
152 institution = {{NOAA}},
153 year = 1994,
154 type = {{NOAA} {A}tlas {NEDSIS}},
155 address = {Washington D.C.},
156 number = {2}
157 }
158
159 @TechReport{Levitus:1994b,
160 author = {S. Levitus and R. Burgett and T.P. Boyer},
161 title = {{W}orld {O}cean {A}tlas 1994. {V}olume 3: {S}alinity},
162 institution = {{NOAA}},
163 year = 1994,
164 type = {{NOAA} {A}tlas {NEDSIS}},
165 address = {Washington D.C.},
166 number = {3},
167 pages = {99}
168 }
169
170 @TechReport{Levitus:1994c,
171 author = {S. Levitus and T.P. Boyer},
172 title = {{W}orld {O}cean {A}tlas 1994. {V}olume 4: {T}emperature},
173 institution = {{NOAA}},
174 year = 1994,
175 type = {{NOAA} {A}tlas {NEDSIS}},
176 address = {Washington D.C.},
177 number = {4},
178 pages = {117}
179 }
180
181 @Article{Millero:1980,
182 author = "Millero, F.J. and Chen, C.T. and Bradshaw, A. and
183 Schleicher, K.",
184 title = "A New High Pressure Equation of State for Seawater",
185 journal = dsr,
186 year = 1980,
187 volume = "27A",
188 pages = "255--264"
189 }
190
191 @Book{Pedlosky:1986,
192 author = {Joseph Pedlosky},
193 title = {Geophysical Fluid Dynamics},
194 publisher = {Springer},
195 year = 1987,
196 address = {New York},
197 pages = {710}
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199
200 @Proceedings{WissErgebMeteor:1927,
201 title = {{W}issenschaftliche {E}rgebnisse der {D}eutschen
202 {A}tlantischen {E}xpedition auf dem {F}orschungs-
203 und {V}ermessungsschiff {``Meteor''}},
204 year = {1925--1927},
205 key = {AEM}
206 }
207
208 @Book{Worthington:1976,
209 author = {L. V. Worthington},
210 title = {On the {N}orth {A}tlantic Circulation},
211 publisher = {Johns Hopkins University Press},
212 year = 1976,
213 address = {Baltimore}
214 }
215
216 @InProceedings{Wuest:1935,
217 author = {G. W{\"u}st},
218 title = {{S}chichtung und {Z}irkulation des {A}tlantischen
219 {O}zeans. {D}as {B}odenwasser und die {S}tratosph{\"a}re},
220 booktitle = {{W}issenschaftliche {E}rgebnisse der {D}eutschen
221 {A}tlantischen {E}xpedition auf dem {F}orschungs-
222 und {V}ermessungsschiff {``Meteor''}},
223 pages = {1--288},
224 year = 1935,
225 volume = {6:1, 2},
226 }
227
228 @Article{adcroft01:_geoth_heating_global_ocean_circul,
229 author = {Alistair Adcroft and Jeffery R. Scott and Jochem
230 Marotzke},
231 title = {Impact of Geothermal Heating on the Global Ocean
232 Circulation},
233 journal = grl,
234 year = 2001,
235 volume = 28,
236 number = 9,
237 pages = {1735--1738}
238 }
239
240 @Article{adcroft98:_slippery_coast,
241 author = {Alistair Adcroft and David Marshall},
242 title = {How Slippery are Piecewise-Constant Coastlines in
243 Numerical Ocean Models?},
244 journal = {Tellus},
245 year = 1998,
246 volume = {50A},
247 pages = {95--108}
248 }
249
250 @TechReport{au9309,
251 author = {Mark Rosenberg and Ruth Eriksen and Stephen Rintoul},
252 title = {{A}urora {A}ustralis Marine Science Cruise
253 {AU9309/AU9391} - Oceanographic Field Measurements
254 and Analysis},
255 institution = {Antarctic {CRC}},
256 year = 1995,
257 type = {{A}ntarctic {CRC} Research Report},
258 number = 2,
259 address = {Hobart, Australia}
260 }
261
262 @TechReport{au9404,
263 author = {Mark Rosenberg and Ruth Eriksen and Steve Bell and
264 Stephen Rintoul},
265 title = {{A}urora {A}ustralis Marine Science Cruise {AU9404}
266 - Oceanographic Field Measurements and Analysis},
267 institution = {Antarctic {CRC}},
268 year = 1996,
269 type = {{A}ntarctic {CRC} Research Report},
270 number = 8,
271 address = {Hobart, Australia}
272 }
273
274 @TechReport{au9407,
275 author = {Mark Rosenberg and Ruth Eriksen and Steve Bell and
276 Nathan Bindoff and Stephen Rintoul},
277 title = {{A}urora {A}ustralis Marine Science Cruise {AU9407}
278 - Oceanographic Field Measurements and Analysis},
279 institution = {Antarctic {CRC}},
280 year = 1995,
281 type = {{A}ntarctic {CRC} Research Report},
282 number = 6,
283 address = {Hobart, Australia}
284 }
285
286 @TechReport{au9604,
287 author = {Mark Rosenberg and Stephen Bray and Nathan Bindoff
288 and Stephen Rintoul and Neale Johnston and Steve Bell
289 and Phillip Towler},
290 title = {{A}urora {A}ustralis Marine Science Cruise {AU9407}
291 - Oceanographic Field Measurements and Analysis,
292 Intercruise Comparisons and Data Quality Notes},
293 institution = {Antarctic {CRC}},
294 year = 1997,
295 type = {{A}ntarctic {CRC} Research Report},
296 number = 12,
297 address = {Hobart, Australia}
298 }
299
300 @Unpublished{barnard:_dynamo,
301 author = {Sally Barnard and Bernard Barnier and Aike Beckmann
302 and Claus W. B{\"o}ning and Macky Coulibaly and
303 D'Arcy DeCuevas and Joachim Dengg and Christian
304 Dieterich and Ute Ernst and Peter Herrmann and Yanli
305 Jia and Peter D. Killworth and J{\"u}rgen Kr{\"o}ger
306 and Mei-Man Lee and Christian LeProvost and
307 Jean-Marc Molines and Adrian L. New and Andreas
308 Oschlies and Thierry Reynaud and Luke J. West and
309 J{\"u}rgen Willebrand},
310 title = {{DYNAMO}, {D}ynamics of {N}orth {A}tlantic {M}odels},
311 note = {{DYNAMO} Scientific Report {N$^o$3}},
312 year = {1997}
313 }
314
315 @Article{beckmann97,
316 author = {Aike Beckmann and Ralf Doescher},
317 title = {A Method for Improved Representation of Dense Water
318 Spreading over Topography in Geopotential-Coordinate
319 Models},
320 journal = jpo,
321 year = 1997,
322 volume = 27,
323 pages = {581--591}
324 }
325
326 @Article{beismann04,
327 author = {Jens-Olaf Beismann and Bernard Barnier},
328 title = {Variability of the Meridional Overturning
329 Circulation of the {N}orth {A}tlantic: Sensitivity
330 to Overflows of Dense Water Masses},
331 journal = {Ocean Dynamics},
332 year = 2004,
333 volume = 54,
334 number = 1,
335 pages = {92--106},
336 doi = {10.1007/s10236-003-0088-x}
337 }
338
339 @Article{bindoff_mcdougall:94,
340 author = "Nathaniel L. Bindoff and Trevor J. McDougall",
341 title = "Diagnosing Climate Change and Ocean Ventilation
342 Using Hydrographic Data",
343 journal = jpo,
344 year = 1994,
345 volume = 24,
346 pages = "1137--1152"
347 }
348
349 @Article{bleck02,
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351 title = {An Oceanic General Circulation Model Framed in Hybrid Isopycnic-Cartesian Coordinates},
352 journal = omg,
353 year = {2002},
354 OPTkey = {},
355 volume = {4},
356 OPTnumber = {},
357 pages = {55--88},
358 OPTmonth = {},
359 OPTnote = {},
360 OPTannote = {}
361 }
362
363 @Article{boening01:_season_cycle_merid_heat_trans,
364 author = {B{\"o}ning, Claus W. and Dieterich, Christian and
365 Barnier, Bernard and Yanli Jia},
366 title = {Seasonal Cycle of Meridional Heat Transport in the
367 Subtropical {N}orth {A}tlantic: a Model
368 Intercomparison in Relation to Observations near
369 {25$^{\circ}$N}},
370 journal = pin,
371 year = 2001,
372 volume = 48,
373 number = {2--3},
374 pages = {231--253}
375 }
376
377 @Article{boening92:_eddy_dynam_primit_equat_model,
378 author = {Claus W. B{\"o}ning and R. Budich},
379 title = {Eddy Dynamics in a Primitive Equation Model:
380 {S}ensitivity to Horizonal Resolution and Friction},
381 journal = jpo,
382 year = 1992,
383 volume = 22,
384 pages = {361--381}
385 }
386
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388 author = {Frank Bryan},
389 title = {Parameter Sensitivity of Primitive Equation Ocean
390 General Circulation Models},
391 journal = jpo,
392 year = 1987,
393 volume = 17,
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395 pages = {970--985}
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399 author = {Harry L. Bryden and Micheal J. Griffiths and Alicia
400 M. Lavin and Robert C. Millard and Gregorio Parrilla
401 and William M. Smethie},
402 title = {Decadal Changes in Water Mass Characteristics at
403 {24$^\circ$N} in the Subtropical {N}orth {A}tlantic
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405 journal = jcl,
406 year = 1996,
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410
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412 author = {Jeffrey E. Callahan},
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414 {C}ircumpolar {C}urrent south of {A}ustralia},
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416 year = 1971,
417 volume = 76,
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425 for a Coarse-Resolution Ocean Model in Z-Coordinate},
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427 year = 1999,
428 volume = {51A},
429 number = {412-430}
430 }
431
432 @InProceedings{chelton00,
433 author = {Dudley B. Chelton and John C. Ries and Bruce
434 J. Haines and Lee-Lueng Fu and Phillip S. Callahan},
435 booktitle = {Satellite altimetry and Earth sciences, A Handbook
436 of techniques and applications},
437 title = {Satellite Altimetry},
438 crossref = {fu00},
439 year = 2000,
440 volume = 69,
441 series = {International Geophysics Series},
442 address = {San Diego},
443 pages = {1--131}
444 }
445
446 @Article{cisewski03,
447 author = {Boris Cisewski and G. Bud{\'e}us and G. Krause},
448 title = {Absolute Transport Estimates of Total and Individual
449 Water Masses in the {N}orthern {G}reenland {S}ea
450 Derived from Hydrographic and {ADCP} Measurements},
451 journal = jgr,
452 year = 2003,
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454 number = {C9},
455 pages = {doi:10.1029/2002JC001530}
456 }
457
458 @Article{cisewski08,
459 author = {Boris Cisewski and Volker Strass and Martin Losch
460 and H. Prandke},
461 title = {Mixed Layer Analysis of a Mesoscale Eddy in the
462 {A}ntarctic {P}olar {F}ront {Z}one},
463 journal = jgr,
464 year = {2008},
465 OPTkey = {},
466 OPTvolume = {},
467 OPTnumber = {},
468 OPTpages = {},
469 OPTmonth = {},
470 OPTnote = {},
471 OPTannote = {}
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473
474 @TechReport{conkright1994,
475 author = {M. Conkright and S. Levitus and T. Boyer},
476 title = {{W}orld {O}cean {A}tlas 1994. {V}olume 1: {N}utrients},
477 institution = {{NOAA}},
478 year = 1994,
479 type = {{NOAA} {A}tlas {NEDSIS}},
480 address = {Washington D.C.},
481 number = {1}
482 }
483
484 @Article{danabasoglu94:_mesoscale_transports,
485 author = {Gokhan Danabasoglu and James C. McWilliams and Peter
486 R. Gent},
487 title = {The Role of Mesoscale Tracer Transports in the
488 Global Ocean Circulation},
489 journal = science,
490 year = 1994,
491 volume = 264,
492 pages = {1123--1126},
493 month = {May}
494 }
495
496 @Article{dewar98,
497 author = {William K. Dewar and Ya Hsueh and Trevor
498 J. McDougall and Dongliang Yuan},
499 title = {Calculation of Pressure in Ocean Simulations},
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501 year = 1998,
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508 author = {K. D{\"o\"o}s and David J. Webb},
509 title = {The {D}eacon Cell and the other meridional cells of
510 the {S}outhern {O}cean},
511 journal = jpo,
512 year = 1994,
513 volume = 24,
514 pages = {429--442}
515 }
516
517 @Article{eby94,
518 author = {Michael Eby and Greg Holloway},
519 title = {Sensitivity of a Large-Scale Ocean Model to a
520 Parameterization of Topographic Stress},
521 journal = jpo,
522 year = 1994,
523 volume = 24,
524 number = 12,
525 pages = {2577--2588},
526 doi = {10.1175/1520-0485(19949)024<2577:SOALSO>2.0.CO;2}
527 }
528
529 @misc{etopo5,
530 author = {NOAA},
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532 Surface of the {E}arth},
533 howpublished = {{NOAA}, National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder,
534 CO},
535 year = {1988},
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538
539 @Article{fahrbach01,
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542 V. Tverberg and J. Verduin},
543 title = {Direct Measurements of Volume Transports Through
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546 year = 2001,
547 volume = 20,
548 number = 2,
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551
552 @Article{fahrbach03,
553 author = {Eberhard Fahrbach and Ursula Schauer and Gerd
554 Rohardt},
555 title = {How to Measure Oceanic Fluxes from the {A}tlantic
556 {O}cean Through {F}ram {S}trait},
557 journal = {ASOF Newsletter},
558 year = 2003,
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560 pages = {3--7}
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563 @Article{fahrbach92:_antar_coast_curren_wedel_sea,
564 author = {Eberhard Fahrbach and Gerd Rohardt and Gunter
565 Krause},
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567 southeastern {W}edell {S}ea},
568 journal = {Polar Biology},
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576 Schr{\"o}der and Volker Strass},
577 title = {Transport and Structure of the {W}eddell {G}yre},
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596 title = {Satellite altimetry and Earth sciences, A Handbook
597 of techniques and applications},
598 year = 2000,
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600 volume = 69,
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607 author = {Lee-Lueng Fu},
608 title = {The Circulation and its Variability of the {S}outh
609 {A}tlantic {O}cean: {F}irst Results from the
610 {TOPEX}/{POSEIDON} Mission},
611 booktitle = {The {S}outh {A}tlantic: {P}resent and Past
612 Circulation},
613 crossref = {wefer96:_south_atlantic},
614 pages = {63--82},
615 year = 1996
616 }
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618 author = "Michel Gavart and Pierre {De Mey}",
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620 {A} Statistical Tool for Dynamical Analysis and Data
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624 volume = 27,
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627 }
628
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630 @Misc{gebco,
631 author = {{Canadian Hydrographic Office}},
632 title = {{G}eneral {B}athymetric {C}hart of the {O}ceans
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638 @Misc{gebco03,
639 author = {{British Oceanographic Data Center}},
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643 Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and the
644 International Hydrographic Organization},
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649 author = {Anand Gnanadesikan and Keith W. Dixon and Stephen
650 M. Griffies and V. Balaji and Marcelo Barreiro and
651 J. Anthony Beesley and William F. Cooke and Thomas
652 L. Delworth and R{\"u}diger Gerdes and Matthew
653 J. Harrison and Isaac M. Held and William J. Hurlin
654 and Hyun-Chul Lee and Zhi Liang and Giang Nong and
655 Ronald C. Pacanowski and Anthony Rosati and Joellen
656 Russell and Bonita L. Samuels and Qian Song and
657 Michael J. Spelman and Ronald J. Stouffer and Colm
658 O. Sweeney and Gabriel Vecchi and Michael Winton and
659 Andrew T. Wittenberg and Fanrong Zeng and Rong Zhang
660 and John P. Dunne},
661 title = {{GFDL}'s {CM2} Global Coupled Climate Models. {P}art
662 {II}: The Baseline Ocean Simulation},
663 journal = jcl,
664 year = 2006,
665 volume = 19,
666 number = 3,
667 pages = {675--697}
668 }
669
670 @Article{gordon75:_antar_ocean_section,
671 author = {A. L. Gordon},
672 title = {An {A}ntarctic Oceanographic Section along
673 {170$^\circ$E}},
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675 year = 1975,
676 volume = 22,
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680
681 @Article{griffies01,
682 author = {Stephen M. Griffies and Ronald C. Pacanowski and
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684 title = {Tracer Conservation with an Explicit Free Surface
685 Method for z-Coordinate Models},
686 journal = mwr,
687 year = 2001,
688 volume = 129,
689 number = {5},
690 pages = {1081--1098}
691 }
692
693 @Book{haidvogel99:_numer_ocean_circul_model,
694 author = {Dale B. Haidvogel and Aike Beckmann},
695 title = {Numerical Ocean Circulation Modelling},
696 publisher = {Imperial College Press},
697 year = 1999,
698 volume = 2,
699 series = {Series on Environmental Science and Management},
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722 }
723
724 @Article{hasselmann98,
725 author = {Klaus Hasselmann},
726 title = {Conventional and {B}ayesian Approach to
727 Climate-Change Detection and Attribution},
728 journal = qjrms,
729 year = 1998,
730 volume = 124,
731 number = 552,
732 abstract = {The conventional multi-variate, multi-fingerprint
733 theory of climate-change detection and attribution,
734 expressed in terms of existing frequency
735 distributions, is reviewed and generalized to a
736 Bayesian approach based on subjective
737 probabilities. Bayesian statistics enable a
738 quantitive determination of the impact of
739 climate-change detection tests on prior subjective
740 assessments of the probability of an externally
741 forced climate change. The Bayesian method also
742 provides a potentially powerful tool for enhancing
743 statistical detection and attribution tests by
744 combining a number of different climate-change
745 indicators that are not amenable to standard
746 signal-to-noise analyses because of inadequate
747 information on the associated natural-variability
748 statistics. The relation between the conventional
749 and Bayesian approach is illustrated by examples
750 taken from recent conventional analyses of
751 climate-change detection and attribution for three
752 cases of climate-change forcing by increasing
753 greenhouse-gas concentrations, increasing
754 greenhouse-gas and aerosol concentrations, and
755 variations in solar insolation. The enhancement of
756 detection and attribution levels through a joint
757 Bayesian analysis of a number of different
758 climate-change indices is demonstrated in a further
759 example. However, this advantage of the Bayesian
760 approach can be achieved only within the framework
761 of a subjective rather than objective analysis. The
762 conventional and Bayesian approach both exhibit
763 specific advantages and shortcomings, so that a
764 parallel application of both methods is probably the
765 most promising detection and attribution strategy.}
766 }
767
768 @Article{hellerman_rosenstein:1983,
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771 with error estimates",
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776 }
777
778 @Article{hidaka53:_acc,
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785 }
786
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796
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801 journal = jpo,
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806 }
807
808 @Article{il'in74:_smoothed_bottom_relief_world_ocean,
809 author = {A. M. {Il'in} and V. M. Kamenkovich and
810 V. F. Kanayev and T. G. Zhugrina and
811 L. I. Lavrishcheva},
812 title = {An Experiment in Constructing a Smoothed Bottom
813 Relief of the {W}orld {O}cean},
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825 year = 1998,
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828
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832 Achieve Static Stability},
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838 }
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846 pages = "237--263"
847 }
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850 author = {Steven R. Jayne and Louis C. {St. Laurent} and Sarah
851 T. Gille},
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853 {E}arth's Climate},
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855 year = 2004,
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860
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863 Malanotte-Rizzoli},
864 title = {An Assessment of the {G}eophysical {F}luid
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866 Resolution: Annual-Mean Climatology},
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871 pages = {25,623--25,645}
872 }
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874 @Book{kalledietrich,
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876 Krauss and Gerold Siedler",
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878 publisher = "Gebr{\"u}der Borntraeger",
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882 }
883
884 @Article{kalnay96,
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886 W. Collins and D. Deaven and L. Gandin and
887 M. Iredell and S. Saha and G. White and J. Woollen
888 and Y. Zhu and M. Chelliah and W. Ebisuzaki and
889 W. Higgins and J. Janowiak and K. C. Mo and
890 C. Ropelewski and J. Wang and A. Leetmaa and
891 R. Reynolds and R. Jenne and D. Joseph},
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897 }
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902 Numerical Ocean Models},
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907 pages = {1221--1238}
908 }
909
910 @TechReport{king94:_altim_data_set,
911 author = {Charmaine King and Detlef Stammer and Carl Wunsch},
912 title = {The {CMPO/MIT} {TOPEX/POSEIDON} Altimetric Data Set},
913 institution = {Center of Global Change Science, Massachusetts
914 Institute of Technology},
915 year = 1994,
916 type = {Report},
917 number = 30
918 }
919
920 @Article{kistler01,
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923 W. Ebisuzaki and M. Kanamitsu and V. Kousky and
924 H. van den Dool and R. Jenne and M. Fiorino},
925 title = {The {NCEP-NCAR} 50-Year Reanalysis: Monthly Means
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931 }
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948 journal = metzeit,
949 year = 1994,
950 volume = 3,
951 number = 6,
952 pages = {343--347}
953 }
954
955 @InProceedings{koenig-langlo97,
956 author = {Gert K{\"o}nig-Langlo and B. Marx},
957 title = {The Meteorological Information System at the
958 {A}lfred {W}egener {I}nstiute},
959 booktitle = {Climate and Environmental Database Systems},
960 year = 1997,
961 editor = {M. Lautenschlager and M. Reinke},
962 address = {Norwell, USA},
963 publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publisher}
964 }
965
966 @Book{kowalik93:_num_mod,
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969 publisher = {World Scientific Publishing Company},
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971 pages = 481,
972 address = {Singapore}
973 }
974
975 @TechReport{large04,
976 author = {William G. Large and S. Yeager},
977 title = {Diurnal to decadal global forcing for ocean and
978 sea-ice models: the data sets and flux
979 climatologies},
980 institution = {CGD Division of the National Center for Atmospheric
981 Research},
982 year = 2004,
983 number = {NCAR/TN-460+STR}
984 }
985
986 @Proceedings{lederer:1998,
987 title = "Proceedings in the Fourth European {SGI/CRAY MPP}
988 {W}orkshop",
989 year = 1998,
990 editor = "H. Lederer and F. Hertweck",
991 organization = "Max-Planck-Institut f{\"ur} Plasmaphysik"
992 }
993
994 @Article{madec91,
995 author = {Gurvan Madec and Pascale Delecluse and Michel Crepon
996 and Michel Chartier},
997 title = {A Three-Dimensional Numerical Study of Deep-Water
998 Formation in the {N}orthwestern {M}editerranean
999 {S}ea},
1000 journal = jpo,
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1002 volume = 21,
1003 number = 9,
1004 pages = {1349--1371},
1005 doi = {10.1175/1520-0485(1991)021}
1006 }
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1011 Bathymetry Grids},
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1031 }
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1034 author = {Simon Marsland and J{\"o}rg-Olaf Wolff},
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1036 to the Surface Freshwater Flux: A Model Study},
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1042 }
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1046 G. Wright and Rainer Feistel},
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1048 for Potential Temperature and Density of Seawater},
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1054 }
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1058 title = "Neutral Surfaces",
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1062 pages = "1950--1964"
1063 }
1064
1065 @Article{mcdougall:88,
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1073 }
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1075 @Article{mcfarlane87,
1076 author = {N. A. McFarlane},
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1078 Drag on the General Circulation of the Lower
1079 Stratosphere and Troposphere},
1080 journal = jas,
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1084 pages = {1775--1800}
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1086
1087 @TechReport{millero78,
1088 author = {F. J. Millero},
1089 title = {Annex 6, Freezing Point of Seawater},
1090 institution = {UNESCO},
1091 year = 1978,
1092 type = {Unesco Techn. Papers in Marine Science},
1093 number = {28},
1094 address = {Paris},
1095 pages = {29--35}
1096 }
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1099 @Misc{morgan94,
1100 author = {Phillip P. Morgan},
1101 title = {SEAWATER, A Library of MATLAB Computational Routines
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1103 howpublished = {CSIRO Marine Laboratories Report 222, 29pp},
1104 year = 1994
1105 }
1106
1107 @Article{mosby34,
1108 author = {Hakon A. Mosby},
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1110 journal = {Scientific Research of the Norwegian Antarctic
1111 Expeditions 1927--1928},
1112 year = 1934,
1113 volume = 1,
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1115 }
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1117 @Book{olbers92,
1118 title = {Hydrographic Atlas of the {S}outhern {O}cean},
1119 author = {Dirk Olbers and Victor Gouretski and Guntram Seiss
1120 and Jens Schr{\"o}ter},
1121 year = {1992},
1122 publisher = {Alfred-Wegener-Institut f{\"u}r Polar- und
1123 Meeresforschung},
1124 pages = 99
1125 }
1126
1127 @Article{orsi95:_merid_extent_fronts_acc,
1128 author = {Alejandro H. Orsi and Whitworth, III, Thomas and
1129 Nowlin, Jr., Worth D. },
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1131 {A}ntarctic {C}ircumpolar {C}urrent},
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1135 number = 5,
1136 pages = {641--673}
1137 }
1138
1139 @TechReport{pacanowski95:_mom_docum,
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1141 title = {{MOM} 2 {D}ocumentation ({U}ser's guide and reference
1142 manual)},
1143 institution = {Princeton University},
1144 year = 1995,
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1146 number = 3
1147 }
1148
1149 @Article{pacanowski98,
1150 author = {Ronald C. Pacanowski and Gnanadesikan Anand},
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1152 Resolves Topography with Partial Cells},
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1154 year = 1998,
1155 volume = 126,
1156 number = 12,
1157 pages = {3248--3270},
1158 doi = {0.1175/1520-0493(1998)126}
1159 }
1160
1161 @Book{pedlosky87:_geoph_fluid_dynam,
1162 author = {Joseph Pedlosky},
1163 title = {Geophysical Fluid Dynamics},
1164 publisher = {Springer},
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1166 address = {New York},
1167 pages = 710
1168 }
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1171
1172
1173 @Book{pedlosky96:_ocean_circul_theory,
1174 author = {Joseph Pedlosky},
1175 title = {Ocean Circulation Theory},
1176 publisher = {Springer},
1177 year = 1996,
1178 address = {Berlin},
1179 pages = 453
1180 }
1181
1182 @Article{penduff02,
1183 author = {Thierry Penduff and Bernard Barnier and
1184 Marie-Aur{\'e}lie Kerbiriou and Jacques Verron},
1185 title = {How Topographic Smoothing Contributes to Differences
1186 between the Eddy Flows Simulated by Sigma- and
1187 Geopotential-Coordinate Models},
1188 journal = jpo,
1189 year = 2002,
1190 volume = 32,
1191 number = 1,
1192 pages = {122--137}
1193 }
1194
1195 &TechReport{morgan94,
1196 author = {Phillip P. Morgan},
1197 title = {SEAWATER, A Library of MATLAB Computational Routines
1198 for the Properties of Sea Water},
1199 institution = {CSIRO Marine Laboratories Report 222},
1200 year = 1994,
1201 pages = {29pp.}
1202 }
1203
1204 @Article{power94,
1205 author = {Power, S. B. and Kleeman, R.},
1206 title = {Surface heat flux parameterization and the response
1207 of ocean general circulation models to high-latitude
1208 freshening},
1209 journal = tellus,
1210 year = 1994,
1211 volume = {A 46},
1212 number = 1,
1213 pages = {86--95.doi:10.1034/j.1600-0870.1994.00008.x}
1214 }
1215
1216 @Article{rahmstorf96,
1217 author = {Stefan Rahmstorf},
1218 title = {Comments on ``{I}nstability of the Thermohaline
1219 Circulation with Respect to Mixed Boundary
1220 Conditions: Is It Really a Problem for Realistic
1221 Models?''},
1222 journal = jpo,
1223 year = 1996,
1224 volume = 26,
1225 number = 6,
1226 pages = {1099--1105}
1227 }
1228
1229 @Article{read93:_struc_trans_antar_circum_curren,
1230 author = {J. F. Read and R.T. Pollard},
1231 title = {Structure and Transport of the {A}ntarctic
1232 {C}ircumpolar {C}urrent and {A}gulhas Return Current
1233 at {40$^\circ$E}},
1234 journal = jgr,
1235 year = 1993,
1236 volume = 98,
1237 number = {C7},
1238 pages = {12281--12295}
1239 }
1240
1241 @InProceedings{redler:98,
1242 author = "Ren{\'e} Redler and Karsten Ketelsen and Joachim
1243 Dengg and Claus B{\"o}ning",
1244 title = "A high-resolution numerical model for the
1245 circulation of the {A}tlantic {O}cean",
1246 pages = "95--108",
1247 booktitle = "Proceedings in the Fourth European {SGI/CRAY MPP}
1248 {W}orkshop",
1249 editor = "H. Lederer and F. Hertweck",
1250 publisher = {Max-Planck-Institut f{\"u}r Plasmaphysik},
1251 address = {Garching, Germany},
1252 year = 1998,
1253 note = {{\newline
1254 http://www.rzg.mpg.de/mpp-workshop/papers/ipp-report.html}}
1255 }
1256
1257 @InProceedings{rintoul00:_antar_circum_current_system,
1258 author = {Stephen R. Rintoul and Chris Hughes and Dirk Olbers},
1259 title = {The {A}ntarctic {C}ircumpolar {C}urrent System},
1260 booktitle = {Ocean Circulation and Climate},
1261 year = 2000,
1262 editor = {G. Siedler and J. Church and J. Gould},
1263 publisher = {Academic Press},
1264 note = {to be published}
1265 }
1266
1267 @Article{roullet00,
1268 author = {Guillaume Roullet and Gurvan Madec},
1269 title = {Salt Conservation, Free Surface, and Varying Levels:
1270 A New Formulation for Ocean General Circulation
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1272 journal = jgr,
1273 year = 2000,
1274 volume = 105,
1275 number = {C10},
1276 pages = {23927--23942}
1277 }
1278
1279 @TechReport{sac_wtso:1998,
1280 author = {Gouretski, V. V. and K. Jancke},
1281 title = {{WOCE} {R}eport {N}o. 162/98},
1282 institution = {{WHP} Special Analysis Center},
1283 year = 1998,
1284 number = 3,
1285 note = {{\newline
1286 http://www.dkrz.de/$\sim$u241046/SACserver/SACHome.htm}}
1287 }
1288
1289 @Book{salmon98:_geophysical_fluid_dynamics,
1290 author = {Rick Salmon},
1291 title = {Lectures on Geophysical Fluid Dynamics},
1292 publisher = {Oxford University Press},
1293 year = 1998,
1294 address = {New York}
1295 }
1296
1297 @Article{sandstrom1908,
1298 author = {Johan W. Sandstr{\"o}m},
1299 title = {Dynamische {V}ersuche mit {M}eerwasser},
1300 journal = {Annalen der Hydrographie und Maritimen
1301 Meteorologie},
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1307 @Article{saunders92:_trans_heat_fresh_fluxes_FRAM,
1308 author = {Peter M. Saunders and S. R. Thompson},
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1310 Diagnostic Numerical Model ({FRAM})},
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1315 pages = {452--464}
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1317
1318 @Article{schauer04,
1319 author = {U. Schauer and E. Fahrbach and S. {\O}sterhus and
1320 G. Rohardt},
1321 title = {Arctic Warming Through the {F}ram {S}trait - Oceanic
1322 Heat Transport from 3 Years of Measurements},
1323 journal = jgr,
1324 year = 2004,
1325 volume = 109,
1326 number = {C6},
1327 pages = {doi:10.1029/2003JC001823},
1328 doi = {10.1029/2003JC001823}
1329 }
1330
1331 @Article{schnur05,
1332 author = {Reiner Schnur and Klaus Hasselmann},
1333 title = {Optimal Filtering for {B}ayesian Detection and
1334 Attribution of Climate Change},
1335 journal = cdyn,
1336 year = 2005,
1337 volume = 24,
1338 pages = {45--55},
1339 abstract = {In the conventional approach to the detection of an
1340 anthropogenic or other externally forced climate
1341 change signal, optimal filters (fingerprints) are
1342 used to maximize the ratio of the observed climate
1343 change signal to the natural variability noise. If
1344 detection is successful, attribution of the observed
1345 climate change to the hypothesized forcing mechanism
1346 is carried out in a second step by comparing the
1347 observed and predicted climate change signals. In
1348 contrast, the Bayesian approach to detection and
1349 attribution makes no distinction between detection
1350 and attribution. The purpose of filtering in this
1351 case is to maximize the impact of the evidence, the
1352 observed climate change, on the prior probability
1353 that the hypothesis of an anthropogenic origin of
1354 the observed signal is true. Whereas in the
1355 conventional approach model uncertainties have no
1356 direct impact on the definition of the optimal
1357 detection fingerprint, in optimal Bayesian filtering
1358 they play a central role. The number of patterns
1359 retained is governed by the magnitude of the
1360 predicted signal relative to the model
1361 uncertainties, defined in a pattern space normalized
1362 by the natural climate variability. Although this
1363 results in some reduction of the original phase
1364 space, this is not the primary objective of Bayesian
1365 filtering, in contrast to the conventional approach,
1366 in which dimensional reduction is a necessary
1367 prerequisite for enhancing the signal-to-noise
1368 ratio. The Bayesian filtering method is illustrated
1369 for two anthropogenic forcing hypotheses: greenhouse
1370 gases alone, and a combination of greenhouse gases
1371 plus sulfate aerosols. The hypotheses are tested
1372 against 31-year trends for near-surface temperature,
1373 summer and winter diurnal temperature range, and
1374 precipitation. Between six and thirteen response
1375 patterns can be retained, as compared with the one
1376 or two response patterns normally used in the
1377 conventional approach. Strong evidence is found for
1378 the detection of an anthropogenic climate change in
1379 temperature, with some preference given to the
1380 combined forcing hypothesis. Detection of recent
1381 anthropogenic trends in diurnal temperature range
1382 and precipitation is not successful, but there
1383 remains strong net evidence for anthropogenic
1384 climate change if all data are considered jointly.}
1385 }
1386
1387 @Article{schodlok02,
1388 author = {Michael P. Schodlok and Hartmut H. Hellmer and Aike
1389 Beckmann},
1390 title = {On the Transport, Variability and Origin of Dense
1391 Water Masses Crossing the {S}outh {S}cotia {R}idge},
1392 journal = dsrtwo,
1393 year = 2002,
1394 volume = 49,
1395 number = 21,
1396 pages = {4807--4825},
1397 doi = {10.1016/S0967-0645(02)00160-1}
1398 }
1399
1400 @Article{schodlok07,
1401 author = {Michael P. Schodlok and Manfred Wenzel, Jens
1402 G. Schr{\"o}ter and Hartmut H. Hellmer},
1403 title = {Regional and Global Effects of {S}outhern {O}cean
1404 Constraints in a Global Model},
1405 journal = {submitted to Ocean Dynamics},
1406 year = {2007},
1407 OPTkey = {},
1408 OPTvolume = {},
1409 OPTnumber = {},
1410 OPTpages = {},
1411 OPTmonth = {},
1412 OPTnote = {},
1413 OPTannote = {}
1414 }
1415
1416 @Article{schott88:_variab_struc_trans_florid_curren,
1417 author = {Friedrich A. Schott and Thomas N. Lee and Rainer
1418 Zantopp},
1419 title = {Variability of Structure and Transport of the
1420 {F}lorida {C}urrent in the Period Range of Days to
1421 Seasonal},
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1423 year = 1988,
1424 volume = 18,
1425 number = 9,
1426 pages = {1209--1230}
1427 }
1428
1429 @Article{simmons04,
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