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|
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%%Page: 1 1 |
| 356 |
1 0 bop -60 69 a Fh(Sea-Ice)18 b(P)n(arameterization)-60 |
| 357 |
127 y(in)g(the)h(MIT)f(GCM)-60 218 y Fg(D.)13 b(Menemenlis,)g(J.)h |
| 358 |
(Zhang)-60 326 y Fh(In)n(tro)r(duction)-10 412 y Fg(Sea)c(ice)h(co)o(v) |
| 359 |
o(ers)g(up)f(to)h(30)r Ff(\002)r Fg(10)465 397 y Fe(6)493 |
| 360 |
412 y Fg(km)551 397 y Fe(2)578 412 y Fg(of)f(the)h(o)q(cean's)f(sur-) |
| 361 |
-60 462 y(face)k(\(almost)e(10\045\).)17 b(Because)f(of)d(lac)o(k)h(of) |
| 362 |
f(data,)g(meteoro-)-60 511 y(logical)d(\014elds)j(ha)o(v)o(e)f(large)f |
| 363 |
(uncertain)o(ties)i(in)f(p)q(olar)f(regions.)-60 561 |
| 364 |
y(The)18 b(inclusion)e(of)h(a)g(sea)h(ice)f(mo)q(del)f(will)g(p)q |
| 365 |
(ermit)h(ECCO)-60 611 y(to)d(mak)o(e)f(use)j(of)d(satellite)i(observ)n |
| 366 |
(ations)f(o)o(v)o(er)h(ice-co)o(v)o(ered)-60 661 y(o)q(ceans.)j(F)m(or) |
| 367 |
10 b(example,)f(SSM/I)i(ice)f(motion)f(ma)o(y)f(b)q(e)j(a)f(b)q(et-)-60 |
| 368 |
711 y(ter)18 b(estimate)f(of)f(surface)i(stress)i(than)d(that)g(pro)o |
| 369 |
(vided)g(b)o(y)-60 761 y(NCEP)12 b(or)f(ECMWF.)g(Another)i(motiv)n |
| 370 |
(atio)o(n)c(for)i(including)-60 810 y(sea)k(ice)h(is)f(that)g(global)e |
| 371 |
(estimates)i(of)f(atmospheric)g(\015uxes)-60 860 y(o)o(v)o(er)9 |
| 372 |
b(the)h(o)q(cean)g(are)g Fd(not)g Fg(p)q(ossible)g(without)f(a)g(sea)h |
| 373 |
(ice)f(mo)q(del)-60 910 y(b)q(ecause)17 b(of)d(h)o(uge)h(storage)g(and) |
| 374 |
g(transp)q(ort)h(sea)f(ice)h(terms,)-60 960 y(e.g.,)i(laten)o(t)g(heat) |
| 375 |
g(of)g(fusion)f(and)h(fresh)o(w)o(ater)i(transp)q(ort.)-60 |
| 376 |
1010 y(Finally)m(,)10 b(a)i(complete)f(global)g(o)q(cean)h(state)h |
| 377 |
(estimation,)d(the)-60 1059 y(cen)o(tral)16 b(goal)e(of)i(ECCO,)f |
| 378 |
(requires)i(inclusion)e(of)g(the)h(Arc-)-60 1109 y(tic)g(Ocean.)25 |
| 379 |
b(Prop)q(er)17 b(represen)o(tation)g(of)e(p)q(olar)g(regions)h(in)-60 |
| 380 |
1159 y(the)g(ECCO)g(pro)q(ducts)h(will)d(mak)o(e)g(it)h(p)q(ossible)g |
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(to)h(address)-60 1209 y(a)e(host)g(of)f(in)o(teresting)i(and)e(imp)q |
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(ortan)o(t)g(science)i(questions)-60 1259 y(p)q(ertaining)k(to)h(o)q |
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/rm /rmoveto ldef |
| 583 |
/rl /rlineto ldef |
| 584 |
/s /show ldef |
| 585 |
/sc {setcmykcolor} bdef |
| 586 |
/sr /setrgbcolor ldef |
| 587 |
/sg /setgray ldef |
| 588 |
/w /setlinewidth ldef |
| 589 |
/j /setlinejoin ldef |
| 590 |
/cap /setlinecap ldef |
| 591 |
|
| 592 |
% page state control |
| 593 |
/pgsv () def |
| 594 |
/bpage {/pgsv save def} bdef |
| 595 |
/epage {pgsv restore} bdef |
| 596 |
/bplot /gsave ldef |
| 597 |
/eplot {stroke grestore} bdef |
| 598 |
|
| 599 |
% orientation switch |
| 600 |
/portraitMode 0 def |
| 601 |
/landscapeMode 1 def |
| 602 |
|
| 603 |
% coordinate system mappings |
| 604 |
/dpi2point 0 def |
| 605 |
|
| 606 |
% font control |
| 607 |
/FontSize 0 def |
| 608 |
/FMS { |
| 609 |
/FontSize xstore %save size off stack |
| 610 |
findfont |
| 611 |
[FontSize 0 0 FontSize neg 0 0] |
| 612 |
makefont |
| 613 |
setfont |
| 614 |
}bdef |
| 615 |
|
| 616 |
/reencode { |
| 617 |
exch dup where |
| 618 |
{pop load} {pop StandardEncoding} ifelse |
| 619 |
exch |
| 620 |
dup 3 1 roll |
| 621 |
findfont dup length dict begin |
| 622 |
{ 1 index /FID ne {def}{pop pop} ifelse } forall |
| 623 |
/Encoding exch def |
| 624 |
currentdict |
| 625 |
end |
| 626 |
definefont pop |
| 627 |
} bdef |
| 628 |
|
| 629 |
/isroman { |
| 630 |
findfont /CharStrings get |
| 631 |
/Agrave known |
| 632 |
} bdef |
| 633 |
|
| 634 |
/FMSR { |
| 635 |
3 1 roll 1 index |
| 636 |
dup isroman |
| 637 |
{reencode} {pop pop} ifelse |
| 638 |
exch FMS |
| 639 |
} bdef |
| 640 |
|
| 641 |
/csm { |
| 642 |
1 dpi2point div -1 dpi2point div scale |
| 643 |
neg translate |
| 644 |
landscapeMode eq {90 rotate} if |
| 645 |
} bdef |
| 646 |
|
| 647 |
% line types: solid, dotted, dashed, dotdash |
| 648 |
/SO { [] 0 setdash } bdef |
| 649 |
/DO { [.5 dpi2point mul 4 dpi2point mul] 0 setdash } bdef |
| 650 |
/DA { [6 dpi2point mul] 0 setdash } bdef |
| 651 |
/DD { [.5 dpi2point mul 4 dpi2point mul 6 dpi2point mul 4 dpi2point mul] 0 setdash } bdef |
| 652 |
|
| 653 |
% macros for lines and objects |
| 654 |
/L { |
| 655 |
lineto |
| 656 |
stroke |
| 657 |
} bdef |
| 658 |
/MP { |
| 659 |
3 1 roll moveto |
| 660 |
1 sub {rlineto} repeat |
| 661 |
} bdef |
| 662 |
/AP { |
| 663 |
{rlineto} repeat |
| 664 |
} bdef |
| 665 |
/PP { |
| 666 |
closepath eofill |
| 667 |
} bdef |
| 668 |
/DP { |
| 669 |
closepath stroke |
| 670 |
} bdef |
| 671 |
/MR { |
| 672 |
4 -2 roll moveto |
| 673 |
dup 0 exch rlineto |
| 674 |
exch 0 rlineto |
| 675 |
neg 0 exch rlineto |
| 676 |
closepath |
| 677 |
} bdef |
| 678 |
/FR { |
| 679 |
MR stroke |
| 680 |
} bdef |
| 681 |
/PR { |
| 682 |
MR fill |
| 683 |
} bdef |
| 684 |
/L1i { |
| 685 |
{ currentfile picstr readhexstring pop } image |
| 686 |
} bdef |
| 687 |
|
| 688 |
/tMatrix matrix def |
| 689 |
/MakeOval { |
| 690 |
newpath |
| 691 |
tMatrix currentmatrix pop |
| 692 |
translate scale |
| 693 |
0 0 1 0 360 arc |
| 694 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 695 |
} bdef |
| 696 |
/FO { |
| 697 |
MakeOval |
| 698 |
stroke |
| 699 |
} bdef |
| 700 |
/PO { |
| 701 |
MakeOval |
| 702 |
fill |
| 703 |
} bdef |
| 704 |
|
| 705 |
/PD { |
| 706 |
currentlinecap 1 setlinecap 3 1 roll 2 copy moveto lineto stroke setlinecap |
| 707 |
} bdef |
| 708 |
|
| 709 |
/FA { |
| 710 |
newpath |
| 711 |
tMatrix currentmatrix pop |
| 712 |
translate scale |
| 713 |
0 0 1 5 -2 roll arc |
| 714 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 715 |
stroke |
| 716 |
} bdef |
| 717 |
/PA { |
| 718 |
newpath |
| 719 |
tMatrix currentmatrix pop |
| 720 |
translate 0 0 moveto scale |
| 721 |
0 0 1 5 -2 roll arc |
| 722 |
closepath |
| 723 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 724 |
fill |
| 725 |
} bdef |
| 726 |
|
| 727 |
/FAn { |
| 728 |
newpath |
| 729 |
tMatrix currentmatrix pop |
| 730 |
translate scale |
| 731 |
0 0 1 5 -2 roll arcn |
| 732 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 733 |
stroke |
| 734 |
} bdef |
| 735 |
/PAn { |
| 736 |
newpath |
| 737 |
tMatrix currentmatrix pop |
| 738 |
translate 0 0 moveto scale |
| 739 |
0 0 1 5 -2 roll arcn |
| 740 |
closepath |
| 741 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 742 |
fill |
| 743 |
} bdef |
| 744 |
|
| 745 |
/vradius 0 def |
| 746 |
/hradius 0 def |
| 747 |
/lry 0 def |
| 748 |
/lrx 0 def |
| 749 |
/uly 0 def |
| 750 |
/ulx 0 def |
| 751 |
/rad 0 def |
| 752 |
|
| 753 |
/MRR { |
| 754 |
/vradius xdef |
| 755 |
/hradius xdef |
| 756 |
/lry xdef |
| 757 |
/lrx xdef |
| 758 |
/uly xdef |
| 759 |
/ulx xdef |
| 760 |
newpath |
| 761 |
tMatrix currentmatrix pop |
| 762 |
ulx hradius add uly vradius add translate |
| 763 |
hradius vradius scale |
| 764 |
0 0 1 180 270 arc |
| 765 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 766 |
lrx hradius sub uly vradius add translate |
| 767 |
hradius vradius scale |
| 768 |
0 0 1 270 360 arc |
| 769 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 770 |
lrx hradius sub lry vradius sub translate |
| 771 |
hradius vradius scale |
| 772 |
0 0 1 0 90 arc |
| 773 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 774 |
ulx hradius add lry vradius sub translate |
| 775 |
hradius vradius scale |
| 776 |
0 0 1 90 180 arc |
| 777 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 778 |
closepath |
| 779 |
} bdef |
| 780 |
/FRR { |
| 781 |
MRR stroke } bdef |
| 782 |
/PRR { |
| 783 |
MRR fill } bdef |
| 784 |
|
| 785 |
/MlrRR { |
| 786 |
/lry xdef |
| 787 |
/lrx xdef |
| 788 |
/uly xdef |
| 789 |
/ulx xdef |
| 790 |
/rad lry uly sub 2 div def |
| 791 |
newpath |
| 792 |
tMatrix currentmatrix pop |
| 793 |
ulx rad add uly rad add translate |
| 794 |
rad rad scale |
| 795 |
0 0 1 90 270 arc |
| 796 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 797 |
lrx rad sub lry rad sub translate |
| 798 |
rad rad scale |
| 799 |
0 0 1 270 90 arc |
| 800 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 801 |
closepath |
| 802 |
} bdef |
| 803 |
/FlrRR { |
| 804 |
MlrRR stroke } bdef |
| 805 |
/PlrRR { |
| 806 |
MlrRR fill } bdef |
| 807 |
|
| 808 |
/MtbRR { |
| 809 |
/lry xdef |
| 810 |
/lrx xdef |
| 811 |
/uly xdef |
| 812 |
/ulx xdef |
| 813 |
/rad lrx ulx sub 2 div def |
| 814 |
newpath |
| 815 |
tMatrix currentmatrix pop |
| 816 |
ulx rad add uly rad add translate |
| 817 |
rad rad scale |
| 818 |
0 0 1 180 360 arc |
| 819 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 820 |
lrx rad sub lry rad sub translate |
| 821 |
rad rad scale |
| 822 |
0 0 1 0 180 arc |
| 823 |
tMatrix setmatrix |
| 824 |
closepath |
| 825 |
} bdef |
| 826 |
/FtbRR { |
| 827 |
MtbRR stroke } bdef |
| 828 |
/PtbRR { |
| 829 |
MtbRR fill } bdef |
| 830 |
|
| 831 |
currentdict end def |
| 832 |
|
| 833 |
MathWorks begin |
| 834 |
|
| 835 |
0 cap |
| 836 |
|
| 837 |
end |
| 838 |
|
| 839 |
MathWorks begin |
| 840 |
bpage |
| 841 |
|
| 842 |
bplot |
| 843 |
|
| 844 |
/dpi2point 12 def |
| 845 |
portraitMode 0216 7344 csm |
| 846 |
|
| 847 |
457 44 6033 4984 MR c np |
| 848 |
91 dict begin %Colortable dictionary |
| 849 |
/c0 { 0 0 0 sr} bdef |
| 850 |
/c1 { 1 1 1 sr} bdef |
| 851 |
/c2 { 1 0 0 sr} bdef |
| 852 |
/c3 { 0 1 0 sr} bdef |
| 853 |
/c4 { 0 0 1 sr} bdef |
| 854 |
/c5 { 1 1 0 sr} bdef |
| 855 |
/c6 { 1 0 1 sr} bdef |
| 856 |
/c7 { 0 1 1 sr} bdef |
| 857 |
c0 |
| 858 |
1 j |
| 859 |
1 sg |
| 860 |
0 0 6913 5186 PR |
| 861 |
18 w |
| 862 |
0 1782 5355 0 0 -1782 899 2171 4 MP |
| 863 |
PP |
| 864 |
-5355 0 0 1782 5355 0 0 -1782 899 2171 5 MP stroke |
| 865 |
12 w |
| 866 |
DO |
| 867 |
0 sg |
| 868 |
899 2171 mt 899 389 L |
| 869 |
899 389 mt 899 389 L |
| 870 |
1970 2171 mt 1970 389 L |
| 871 |
1970 389 mt 1970 389 L |
| 872 |
3041 2171 mt 3041 389 L |
| 873 |
3041 389 mt 3041 389 L |
| 874 |
4112 2171 mt 4112 389 L |
| 875 |
4112 389 mt 4112 389 L |
| 876 |
5183 2171 mt 5183 389 L |
| 877 |
5183 389 mt 5183 389 L |
| 878 |
6254 2171 mt 6254 389 L |
| 879 |
6254 389 mt 6254 389 L |
| 880 |
899 2171 mt 6254 2171 L |
| 881 |
6254 2171 mt 6254 2171 L |
| 882 |
899 1726 mt 6254 1726 L |
| 883 |
6254 1726 mt 6254 1726 L |
| 884 |
899 1280 mt 6254 1280 L |
| 885 |
6254 1280 mt 6254 1280 L |
| 886 |
899 835 mt 6254 835 L |
| 887 |
6254 835 mt 6254 835 L |
| 888 |
899 389 mt 6254 389 L |
| 889 |
6254 389 mt 6254 389 L |
| 890 |
SO |
| 891 |
18 w |
| 892 |
899 2171 mt 6254 2171 L |
| 893 |
899 389 mt 6254 389 L |
| 894 |
6254 2171 mt 6254 389 L |
| 895 |
899 2171 mt 899 389 L |
| 896 |
899 2171 mt 6254 2171 L |
| 897 |
899 2171 mt 899 389 L |
| 898 |
899 2171 mt 899 2117 L |
| 899 |
899 389 mt 899 443 L |
| 900 |
/Helvetica-Bold /ISOLatin1Encoding 168 FMSR |
| 901 |
|
| 902 |
713 2367 mt |
| 903 |
(1950) s |
| 904 |
1970 2171 mt 1970 2117 L |
| 905 |
1970 389 mt 1970 443 L |
| 906 |
1784 2367 mt |
| 907 |
(1960) s |
| 908 |
3041 2171 mt 3041 2117 L |
| 909 |
3041 389 mt 3041 443 L |
| 910 |
2855 2367 mt |
| 911 |
(1970) s |
| 912 |
4112 2171 mt 4112 2117 L |
| 913 |
4112 389 mt 4112 443 L |
| 914 |
3926 2367 mt |
| 915 |
(1980) s |
| 916 |
5183 2171 mt 5183 2117 L |
| 917 |
5183 389 mt 5183 443 L |
| 918 |
4997 2367 mt |
| 919 |
(1990) s |
| 920 |
6254 2171 mt 6254 2117 L |
| 921 |
6254 389 mt 6254 443 L |
| 922 |
6068 2367 mt |
| 923 |
(2000) s |
| 924 |
899 2171 mt 953 2171 L |
| 925 |
6254 2171 mt 6200 2171 L |
| 926 |
771 2235 mt |
| 927 |
(0) s |
| 928 |
899 1726 mt 953 1726 L |
| 929 |
6254 1726 mt 6200 1726 L |
| 930 |
678 1790 mt |
| 931 |
(10) s |
| 932 |
899 1280 mt 953 1280 L |
| 933 |
6254 1280 mt 6200 1280 L |
| 934 |
678 1344 mt |
| 935 |
(20) s |
| 936 |
899 835 mt 953 835 L |
| 937 |
6254 835 mt 6200 835 L |
| 938 |
678 899 mt |
| 939 |
(30) s |
| 940 |
899 389 mt 953 389 L |
| 941 |
6254 389 mt 6200 389 L |
| 942 |
678 453 mt |
| 943 |
(40) s |
| 944 |
899 389 mt 6254 389 L |
| 945 |
899 2171 mt 6254 2171 L |
| 946 |
899 2171 mt 899 389 L |
| 947 |
6254 2171 mt 6254 389 L |
| 948 |
gs 899 389 5356 1783 MR c np |
| 949 |
DA |
| 950 |
36 w |
| 951 |
107 -100 107 52 107 82 107 258 107 57 108 -16 107 67 107 3 |
| 952 |
107 2 107 -73 107 -132 107 19 107 16 107 103 107 16 108 -220 |
| 953 |
107 -127 107 -299 107 -86 107 57 107 -1 107 8 107 194 107 -28 |
| 954 |
107 -21 108 -26 107 5 107 -180 107 -61 107 -24 107 63 107 -26 |
| 955 |
107 -55 107 106 107 -52 108 12 107 94 107 -41 107 10 107 -27 |
| 956 |
107 37 107 -2 107 26 107 -142 107 97 108 -6 107 81 107 94 |
| 957 |
107 -15 107 18 107 29 107 2 685 1157 53 MP stroke |
| 958 |
SO |
| 959 |
107 -12 107 74 107 42 107 -4 107 60 108 -105 107 38 107 8 |
| 960 |
107 -20 107 7 107 -38 107 -9 107 39 107 -16 107 4 108 -74 |
| 961 |
107 80 107 -50 107 -18 107 54 107 -35 107 -32 107 66 107 -39 |
| 962 |
107 -18 108 -44 107 47 107 -48 107 -59 107 20 107 46 107 -21 |
| 963 |
107 -6 107 65 107 -56 108 6 107 36 107 -31 107 -28 107 -8 |
| 964 |
107 -2 107 60 107 12 107 55 107 -17 108 61 107 117 107 62 |
| 965 |
107 101 107 72 107 143 107 -49 685 1125 53 MP stroke |
| 966 |
gr |
| 967 |
|
| 968 |
36 w |
| 969 |
623 1939 mt -90 rotate |
| 970 |
(Overturning \(Sv\)) s |
| 971 |
90 rotate |
| 972 |
1441 253 mt |
| 973 |
(Strength of North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Cell) s |
| 974 |
18 w |
| 975 |
1 sg |
| 976 |
0 429 1499 0 0 -429 1041 900 4 MP |
| 977 |
PP |
| 978 |
-1499 0 0 429 1499 0 0 -429 1041 900 5 MP stroke |
| 979 |
12 w |
| 980 |
DO |
| 981 |
SO |
| 982 |
18 w |
| 983 |
0 sg |
| 984 |
1041 900 mt 2540 900 L |
| 985 |
1041 471 mt 2540 471 L |
| 986 |
2540 900 mt 2540 471 L |
| 987 |
1041 900 mt 1041 471 L |
| 988 |
1041 900 mt 2540 900 L |
| 989 |
1041 900 mt 1041 471 L |
| 990 |
1041 471 mt 2540 471 L |
| 991 |
1041 900 mt 2540 900 L |
| 992 |
1041 900 mt 1041 471 L |
| 993 |
2540 900 mt 2540 471 L |
| 994 |
1509 648 mt |
| 995 |
(no sea ice ) s |
| 996 |
1509 847 mt |
| 997 |
(with sea ice) s |
| 998 |
gs 1041 471 1500 430 MR c np |
| 999 |
DA |
| 1000 |
36 w |
| 1001 |
280 0 1135 589 2 MP stroke |
| 1002 |
SO |
| 1003 |
280 0 1135 788 2 MP stroke |
| 1004 |
gr |
| 1005 |
|
| 1006 |
36 w |
| 1007 |
18 w |
| 1008 |
1 sg |
| 1009 |
0 1782 5355 0 0 -1782 899 4614 4 MP |
| 1010 |
PP |
| 1011 |
-5355 0 0 1782 5355 0 0 -1782 899 4614 5 MP stroke |
| 1012 |
12 w |
| 1013 |
DO |
| 1014 |
0 sg |
| 1015 |
899 4614 mt 899 2832 L |
| 1016 |
899 2832 mt 899 2832 L |
| 1017 |
1970 4614 mt 1970 2832 L |
| 1018 |
1970 2832 mt 1970 2832 L |
| 1019 |
3041 4614 mt 3041 2832 L |
| 1020 |
3041 2832 mt 3041 2832 L |
| 1021 |
4112 4614 mt 4112 2832 L |
| 1022 |
4112 2832 mt 4112 2832 L |
| 1023 |
5183 4614 mt 5183 2832 L |
| 1024 |
5183 2832 mt 5183 2832 L |
| 1025 |
6254 4614 mt 6254 2832 L |
| 1026 |
6254 2832 mt 6254 2832 L |
| 1027 |
899 4614 mt 6254 4614 L |
| 1028 |
6254 4614 mt 6254 4614 L |
| 1029 |
899 3723 mt 6254 3723 L |
| 1030 |
6254 3723 mt 6254 3723 L |
| 1031 |
899 2832 mt 6254 2832 L |
| 1032 |
6254 2832 mt 6254 2832 L |
| 1033 |
SO |
| 1034 |
18 w |
| 1035 |
899 4614 mt 6254 4614 L |
| 1036 |
899 2832 mt 6254 2832 L |
| 1037 |
6254 4614 mt 6254 2832 L |
| 1038 |
899 4614 mt 899 2832 L |
| 1039 |
899 4614 mt 6254 4614 L |
| 1040 |
899 4614 mt 899 2832 L |
| 1041 |
899 4614 mt 899 4560 L |
| 1042 |
899 2832 mt 899 2886 L |
| 1043 |
713 4810 mt |
| 1044 |
(1950) s |
| 1045 |
1970 4614 mt 1970 4560 L |
| 1046 |
1970 2832 mt 1970 2886 L |
| 1047 |
1784 4810 mt |
| 1048 |
(1960) s |
| 1049 |
3041 4614 mt 3041 4560 L |
| 1050 |
3041 2832 mt 3041 2886 L |
| 1051 |
2855 4810 mt |
| 1052 |
(1970) s |
| 1053 |
4112 4614 mt 4112 4560 L |
| 1054 |
4112 2832 mt 4112 2886 L |
| 1055 |
3926 4810 mt |
| 1056 |
(1980) s |
| 1057 |
5183 4614 mt 5183 4560 L |
| 1058 |
5183 2832 mt 5183 2886 L |
| 1059 |
4997 4810 mt |
| 1060 |
(1990) s |
| 1061 |
6254 4614 mt 6254 4560 L |
| 1062 |
6254 2832 mt 6254 2886 L |
| 1063 |
6068 4810 mt |
| 1064 |
(2000) s |
| 1065 |
899 4614 mt 953 4614 L |
| 1066 |
6254 4614 mt 6200 4614 L |
| 1067 |
771 4678 mt |
| 1068 |
(0) s |
| 1069 |
899 3723 mt 953 3723 L |
| 1070 |
6254 3723 mt 6200 3723 L |
| 1071 |
678 3787 mt |
| 1072 |
(10) s |
| 1073 |
899 2832 mt 953 2832 L |
| 1074 |
6254 2832 mt 6200 2832 L |
| 1075 |
678 2896 mt |
| 1076 |
(20) s |
| 1077 |
899 2832 mt 6254 2832 L |
| 1078 |
899 4614 mt 6254 4614 L |
| 1079 |
899 4614 mt 899 2832 L |
| 1080 |
6254 4614 mt 6254 2832 L |
| 1081 |
gs 899 2832 5356 1783 MR c np |
| 1082 |
DA |
| 1083 |
36 w |
| 1084 |
107 -122 107 -85 107 -77 107 -92 107 -64 108 57 107 -63 107 87 |
| 1085 |
107 -298 107 464 107 74 107 264 107 -213 107 27 107 74 108 -165 |
| 1086 |
107 -166 107 -315 107 232 107 148 107 -268 107 86 107 75 107 71 |
| 1087 |
107 73 108 -149 107 -261 107 114 107 -70 107 -192 107 358 107 76 |
| 1088 |
107 -58 107 -241 107 47 108 44 107 33 107 48 107 13 107 63 |
| 1089 |
107 -118 107 90 107 -230 107 195 107 -164 108 -3 107 135 107 50 |
| 1090 |
107 68 107 86 107 -91 107 14 685 3523 53 MP stroke |
| 1091 |
SO |
| 1092 |
107 14 107 9 107 -10 107 -61 107 -84 108 45 107 39 107 75 |
| 1093 |
107 -59 107 84 107 31 107 -6 107 -29 107 -39 107 -27 108 -44 |
| 1094 |
107 29 107 -81 107 60 107 -6 107 -102 107 99 107 29 107 3 |
| 1095 |
107 5 108 -39 107 2 107 94 107 40 107 -70 107 23 107 -28 |
| 1096 |
107 35 107 -47 107 54 108 37 107 -104 107 17 107 61 107 -35 |
| 1097 |
107 -1 107 36 107 52 107 37 107 -35 108 45 107 -21 107 -56 |
| 1098 |
107 -9 107 35 107 -42 107 14 685 3765 53 MP stroke |
| 1099 |
gr |
| 1100 |
|
| 1101 |
36 w |
| 1102 |
623 4382 mt -90 rotate |
| 1103 |
(Overturning \(Sv\)) s |
| 1104 |
90 rotate |
| 1105 |
2945 4988 mt |
| 1106 |
(Simulation Year) s |
| 1107 |
1347 2696 mt |
| 1108 |
(Strength of Southern Ocean Meridional Overturning Cell) s |
| 1109 |
18 w |
| 1110 |
1 sg |
| 1111 |
0 429 1499 0 0 -429 4613 4531 4 MP |
| 1112 |
PP |
| 1113 |
-1499 0 0 429 1499 0 0 -429 4613 4531 5 MP stroke |
| 1114 |
12 w |
| 1115 |
DO |
| 1116 |
SO |
| 1117 |
18 w |
| 1118 |
0 sg |
| 1119 |
4613 4531 mt 6112 4531 L |
| 1120 |
4613 4102 mt 6112 4102 L |
| 1121 |
6112 4531 mt 6112 4102 L |
| 1122 |
4613 4531 mt 4613 4102 L |
| 1123 |
4613 4531 mt 6112 4531 L |
| 1124 |
4613 4531 mt 4613 4102 L |
| 1125 |
4613 4102 mt 6112 4102 L |
| 1126 |
4613 4531 mt 6112 4531 L |
| 1127 |
4613 4531 mt 4613 4102 L |
| 1128 |
6112 4531 mt 6112 4102 L |
| 1129 |
5081 4279 mt |
| 1130 |
(no sea ice ) s |
| 1131 |
5081 4478 mt |
| 1132 |
(with sea ice) s |
| 1133 |
gs 4613 4102 1500 430 MR c np |
| 1134 |
DA |
| 1135 |
36 w |
| 1136 |
280 0 4707 4220 2 MP stroke |
| 1137 |
SO |
| 1138 |
280 0 4707 4419 2 MP stroke |
| 1139 |
gr |
| 1140 |
|
| 1141 |
36 w |
| 1142 |
18 w |
| 1143 |
|
| 1144 |
end |
| 1145 |
|
| 1146 |
eplot |
| 1147 |
|
| 1148 |
epage |
| 1149 |
end |
| 1150 |
|
| 1151 |
showpage |
| 1152 |
|
| 1153 |
%%EndDocument |
| 1154 |
|
| 1155 |
endTexFig |
| 1156 |
1050 876 a Fa(Figure)h(1.)19 b Fg(Impact)13 b(of)g(Sea)h(Ice)h(on)e |
| 1157 |
(Ocean)i(Circulation.)1050 970 y(tak)o(en)f(in)g(the)h(older,)f |
| 1158 |
(quasi-global,)d(2)1662 955 y Fc(\016)1695 970 y Fg(ECCO)k |
| 1159 |
(con\014gura-)1050 1020 y(tion)d(b)q(efore)i(b)q(eing)f(p)q(orted)g(to) |
| 1160 |
g(the)h(curren)o(t)g(higher)f(resolu-)1050 1070 y(tion)i(one.)22 |
| 1161 |
b(Another)17 b(imp)q(ortan)o(t)c(task)j(is)f(the)h(inclusion)f(of)1050 |
| 1162 |
1120 y(the)d(Arctic)g(Ocean,)h(either)f(through)g(the)g(elegan)o(t,)f |
| 1163 |
(but)h(still)1050 1169 y(exp)q(erimen)o(tal,)j(cub)q(ed-sphere)j |
| 1164 |
(con\014guration)e(that)g(is)f(b)q(e-)1050 1219 y(ing)f(dev)o(elop)q |
| 1165 |
(ed)i(b)o(y)f(A.)f(Adcroft)h(or)g(through)g(a)g(more)f(con-)1050 |
| 1166 |
1269 y(v)o(en)o(tional)19 b(approac)o(h,)j(for)f(example,)f(b)o(y)h |
| 1167 |
(displacing)e(the)1050 1319 y(North)c(P)o(ole)f(singularit)o(y)f(o)o(v) |
| 1168 |
o(er)i(a)f(land)g(lo)q(cation)g(or)g(b)o(y)h(us-)1050 |
| 1169 |
1369 y(ing)e(a)h(nested-grid.)1050 1475 y Fh(References)1050 |
| 1170 |
1561 y Fg(G.)d(M.)h(Flato)f(and)h(W.)f(D.)g(Hibler,)h(I)q(I)q(I.)j(Mo)q |
| 1171 |
(deling)d(pac)o(k)g(ice)1100 1610 y(as)k(a)f(ca)o(vitating)g(\015uid.) |
| 1172 |
23 b Fd(J.)16 b(Phys.)h(Oc)n(e)n(ano)n(gr.)p Fg(,)e(22:626{)1100 |
| 1173 |
1660 y(651,)d(1992.)1050 1714 y(W.)g(D.)g(Hibler,)h(I)q(I)q(I.)k(A)c |
| 1174 |
(dynamic)e(thermo)q(dynamic)g(sea)j(ice)1100 1764 y(mo)q(del.)i |
| 1175 |
Fd(J.)f(Phys.)g(Oc)n(e)n(ano)n(gr.)p Fg(,)e(9:815{846,)e(1979.)1050 |
| 1176 |
1818 y(W.)j(D.)h(Hibler,)g(I)q(I)q(I.)22 b(Mo)q(deling)15 |
| 1177 |
b(a)g(v)n(ariable)f(thic)o(kness)i(sea)1100 1867 y(ice)e(co)o(v)o(er.) |
| 1178 |
19 b Fd(Mon.)c(We)n(ather)g(R)n(ev.)p Fg(,)e(1:1943{1973,)e(1980.)1050 |
| 1179 |
1921 y(E.)i(C.)g(Hunk)o(e)g(and)h(J.)f(K.)g(Duk)o(o)o(wicz.)j(An)e |
| 1180 |
(elastic-viscous-)1100 1971 y(plastic)26 b(mo)q(del)f(for)h(sea)h(ice)g |
| 1181 |
(dynamics.)54 b Fd(J.)26 b(Phys.)1100 2021 y(Oc)n(e)n(ano)n(gr.)p |
| 1182 |
Fg(,)13 b(27:1849{1867,)d(1997.)1050 2075 y(A.)16 b(J.)h(Sem)o(tner,)f |
| 1183 |
(Jr.)27 b(A)17 b(mo)q(del)e(for)h(the)h(thermo)q(dynamic)1100 |
| 1184 |
2125 y(gro)o(wth)12 b(of)g(sea)h(ice)h(in)e(n)o(umerical)f(in)o(v)o |
| 1185 |
(estigations)h(of)g(cli-)1100 2174 y(mate.)17 b Fd(J.)d(Phys.)h(Oc)n(e) |
| 1186 |
n(ano)n(gr.)p Fg(,)e(6:379{389,)e(1976.)1050 2228 y(M.)g(Win)o(ton.)i |
| 1187 |
(A)f(reform)o(ulated)e(three-la)o(y)o(er)i(sea)g(ice)g(mo)q(del.)1100 |
| 1188 |
2278 y Fd(J.)i(A)o(tmos.)g(Oc)n(e)n(anic)h(T)m(e)n(chnol.)p |
| 1189 |
Fg(,)f(17:525{531,)c(2000.)1050 2332 y(J.)20 b(Zhang,)h(W.)e(D.)g |
| 1190 |
(Hibler,)i(I)q(I)q(I,)e(M.)h(Steele,)i(and)d(D.)g(A.)1100 |
| 1191 |
2382 y(Rothro)q(c)o(k.)47 b(Arctic)24 b(ice-o)q(cean)g(mo)q(deling)e |
| 1192 |
(with)h(and)1100 2431 y(without)g(climate)f(restoring.)48 |
| 1193 |
b Fd(J.)24 b(Phys.)g(Oc)n(e)n(ano)n(gr.)p Fg(,)1100 2481 |
| 1194 |
y(191:191{217,)10 b(1998.)1050 2535 y(J.)17 b(Zhang)h(and)f(D.)g |
| 1195 |
(Rothro)q(c)o(k.)28 b(Mo)q(deling)17 b(arctic)h(sea)g(ice)1100 |
| 1196 |
2585 y(with)11 b(an)h(e\016cien)o(t)g(plastic)g(solution.)i |
| 1197 |
Fd(J.)e(Ge)n(ophys.)i(R)n(es.)p Fg(,)1100 2635 y(105:3325{3338)o(,)d |
| 1198 |
(2000.)p 1050 2662 200 2 v eop |
| 1199 |
%%Trailer |
| 1200 |
end |
| 1201 |
userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if |
| 1202 |
%%EOF |
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