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1 <!DOCTYPE ARTICLE PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.1//EN">
2 <!--
3 $Header: /u/gcmpack/MITgcm/doc/devel_HOWTO.sgml,v 1.18 2017/12/19 18:38:40 jmc Exp $
4 $Name: $
5 -->
6
7 <article id="MITgcm-Development-HOWTO">
8
9 <articleinfo>
10 <title>MITgcm Development HOWTO</title>
11
12 <author>
13 <firstname>Ed</firstname>
14 <surname>Hill III</surname>
15 <affiliation>
16 <address><email>eh3@mit.edu</email></address>
17 </affiliation>
18 </author>
19
20 <revhistory>
21 <revision>
22 <revnumber>0.01</revnumber>
23 <date>2003-08-07</date>
24 <authorinitials>eh3</authorinitials>
25 <revremark>
26 Initial version.
27 </revremark>
28 </revision>
29 <revision>
30 <revnumber>0.02</revnumber>
31 <date>2010-01-21</date>
32 <authorinitials>jmc</authorinitials>
33 <revremark>
34 Update links.
35 </revremark>
36 </revision>
37 <revision>
38 <revnumber>0.03</revnumber>
39 <date>2010-04-25</date>
40 <authorinitials>jmc</authorinitials>
41 <revremark>
42 Add subsection "Developer settings" (under CVS Repository).
43 </revremark>
44 </revision>
45 <revision>
46 <revnumber>0.04</revnumber>
47 <date>2011-04-24</date>
48 <authorinitials>jmc</authorinitials>
49 <revremark>
50 Update subsection "The verification suite".
51 </revremark>
52 </revision>
53 </revhistory>
54
55 <abstract>
56 <para>This document describes how to develop software for the
57 MITgcm project.</para>
58 </abstract>
59 </articleinfo>
60
61 <sect1 id="intro">
62 <title>Introduction</title> <para>The purpose of this document is
63 to help new developers get "up to speed" with MITgcm
64 development.</para>
65 <sect2>
66 <title>New Versions of This Document</title> <para>You can
67 obtain the latest version of this document <ulink
68 url="http://mitgcm.org/public/docs.html">online</ulink> in
69 various formats.</para>
70 </sect2>
71 <sect2>
72 <title>Feedback and corrections</title> <para>If you have
73 questions or comments about this document, please feel free to
74 <ulink url="mailto:MITgcm-support@mitgcm.org">contact the
75 authors</ulink>.
76 </para>
77 </sect2>
78 </sect1>
79
80 <sect1 id="background">
81 <title>Background</title>
82
83 <sect2>
84 <title>User Manual</title>
85
86 <para>Before jumping into development, please familiarize yourself with
87 the <ulink url="http://mitgcm.org/public/docs.html"> MITgcm user manual
88 </ulink>. This document contains volumes of useful information and is
89 included here by reference.</para>
90
91 <!--
92 <para>Also, a "snapshot" or <ulink
93 url="http://mitgcm.org/dev_docs/">development version</ulink> of
94 the user manual may be available, though this is only put on the
95 web for testing purposes.</para>
96 -->
97 </sect2>
98
99 <sect2>
100 <title>Prerequisites</title> <para>To develop for MITgcm project
101 you will need a UNIX or UNIX-like set of build tools including
102 the following:</para>
103 <blockquote>
104 <simplelist type="inline">
105 <member>CVS client</member>
106 <member>make or (preferably) GNU make</member>
107 <member>FORTRAN compiler</member>
108 <member>C compiler</member>
109 <member>[ba]sh and [t]csh shells</member>
110 <member>PERL</member>
111 <member>LaTeX and LaTeX2HTML</member>
112 </simplelist>
113 </blockquote>
114 <para>Essentially all of the work described here has been tested
115 on recent versions of Red Hat Linux (eg. 7.3 through 9). Except
116 where noted, all shell commands will be provided using bash
117 syntax.
118 </para>
119 </sect2>
120
121 </sect1>
122
123 <sect1 id="cvs">
124 <title>CVS Repository</title>
125
126 <sect2>
127 <title>Layout</title>
128
129 <para>Unlike many open source projects, the MITgcm CVS tree does
130 not follow a simple "src", "docs", "share", and "test" directory
131 layout. Instead, there are multiple higher-level directories
132 that each, to some extent, depend upon the presence of the
133 others. The tree currently resembles:</para>
134
135 <programlisting>gcmpack/
136 CVSROOT -hidden-
137
138 MITgcm code
139 bin empty
140 doc basic developpment documentation
141 eesupp execution environment support code (wrapper)
142 exe empty
143 jobs runtime shell scripts for
144 various platforms (not maintained)
145 lsopt line search
146 model main dynamics (core)
147 optim line search interface
148 pkg alternate and optional numerics, etc.
149 tools scripts to build (and test)
150 utils pre/post processing tools (matlab, ..)
151 verification standard regression tests + examples
152 + documented examples (tutorials)
153 tutorial_examples (only in release1 branch)
154
155 MITgcm_contrib contributed code
156
157 acesgrid.org build acesgrid web site
158 development experimental stuff
159 gfd_lab -?-
160 manual source of MITgcm documentation
161 mitgcm.org build web site
162 old_develop old and early development source
163 misc -?-
164 models -?-
165 packages -?-
166 preprocess -?-
167 pdfs some pdfs
168 planetinabottle.org unfinished web site
169 www.ecco-group.org build ecco web site ?
170 </programlisting>
171
172 <!--
173 <para>Efforts are underway to reduce the complexity.</para>
174 -->
175
176 </sect2>
177
178 <!--
179 <sect2>
180 <title>Releases</title> <para>Currently, there are two main
181 branches:</para>
182 <itemizedlist mark="bullet">
183 <listitem>
184 <para>Development</para>
185 <itemizedlist mark="bullet">
186 <listitem>
187 <para>MAIN</para>
188 </listitem>
189 <listitem>
190 <para>ecco-branch</para>
191 </listitem>
192 </itemizedlist>
193 </listitem>
194 <listitem>
195 <para>Production</para>
196 <itemizedlist mark="bullet">
197 <listitem>
198 <para>Release1</para>
199 </listitem>
200 <listitem>
201 <para>Release2</para>
202 </listitem>
203 </itemizedlist>
204 </listitem>
205 </itemizedlist>
206 </sect2>
207 -->
208
209 <sect2>
210 <title>Branches</title>
211
212 <para>As shown in the online <ulink
213 url="http://mitgcm.org/viewvc/MITgcm/MITgcm/model/src/forward_step.F?view=graph">
214 ViewCVS-generated tree</ulink>, the MITgcm codebase is split into
215 branches or "lines" under which development proceeds. The main line
216 of development is referred to as the "MAIN" version of the code.
217 </para>
218
219 <para>Periodically, a "Release" branch is formed from the "MAIN"
220 development branch. This is done in order to create a relatively stable
221 reference point for both users and developers. The intent is that once a
222 release branch has been created, only bug-fixes will be added to it.
223 Meanwhile, development (which might "break" or otherwise render invalid
224 the documentation, tutorials, and/or examples contained within a release
225 branch) is allowed to continue along the MAIN line.</para>
226 </sect2>
227
228 <sect2>
229 <title> Developer settings </title>
230
231 <para>CVS is a convenient tool to keep up-to-date a personal copy of the
232 MITgcm code (see: <ulink url="http://mitgcm.org/public/using_cvs.html">
233 using CVS </ulink>). The same tool is used by developers to
234 incorporate any change into the repository. However, this later
235 function requires specific settings, as detailed here after</para>
236 <orderedlist>
237 <listitem>
238 <para> You will need an account (login access) to the server
239 "mitgcm.org" (curently: <filename>mitgcmcvs.mit.edu</filename>)
240 with the proper group setting (e.g., group "gcmctrb" to add/modify
241 code into MITgcm_contrib).
242 This kind of account is granted only upon well motivated request
243 (we recommend to ask your senior MITgcm-collaborator to send such
244 request to marshall-admin at techsquare.com with Cc to Chris Hill
245 for approval).</para>
246 <para> The access to the server <filename>mitgcm.org</filename> is
247 through ssh-key authorization which will need to be set properly on
248 both side (on your local machine and on your server account).
249 You need to be able to ssh to <filename>mitgcm.org</filename>
250 (or <filename>ssh MY_USER_NAME@mitgcm.org</filename>
251 in case of different user-name on both sides) to proceed further.</para>
252 </listitem>
253
254 <listitem>
255 <para> You need to register to the
256 <ulink url="http://mailman.mitgcm.org/mailman/listinfo/mitgcm-cvs">
257 mitgcm-cvs </ulink> mailing list.
258 This ensures that other developers will receive email notification
259 when you make changes; you will also receive such email
260 when others make changes to the repository.
261 </para>
262 </listitem>
263
264 <listitem>
265 <para> It is highly recommended that you register also to the
266 <ulink url="http://mailman.mitgcm.org/mailman/listinfo/mitgcm-devel">
267 mitgcm-devel </ulink> mailing list (expect a short delay for
268 this request to be processed).
269 This list is intended for developer discussions.
270 </para>
271 </listitem>
272
273 <listitem>
274 <para> The standard CVS-anonymous mode (using "cvsanon",
275 as mentionned <ulink url="http://mitgcm.org/public/source_code.html">
276 here </ulink>) does not provide check-in ("cvs commit") permission.
277 Instead, you will need to set our CVS environment as follow:</para>
278 <screen>
279 $ export CVS_RSH=ssh
280 $ export CVSROOT=':ext:MY_USER_NAME@mitgcm.org:/u/gcmpack'
281 </screen>
282 <para> The reason for such limitation is that when downloading a directory,
283 e.g.: <filename>myCopy</filename>, from the CVS repository (e.g.,
284 <filename>MITgcm_contrib/thisPart</filename>) using the command:</para>
285 <screen>
286 $ cvs co -P -d myCopy MITgcm_contrib/thisPart
287 </screen>
288 <para> the type of CVS environment which has been used
289 is stored in the file <filename>myCopy/CVS/Root</filename>.
290 This prevent to re-use, for cvs-commit purpose,
291 a cvs local copy (<filename>myCopy</filename>) which was obtained
292 using the CVS anonymous mode.</para>
293 </listitem>
294
295 <listitem>
296 <para> At this stage, you should be able to send your modified source
297 file (e.g., <filename>src_file</filename>) from your local copy directory
298 (<filename>myCopy</filename>) to the CVS repository
299 (<filename>MITgcm_contrib/thisPart</filename>) using the command
300 "cvs commit":</para>
301 <screen>
302 $ cd myCopy
303 $ cvs -n update (optional; check if new changes have been made)
304 $ cvs diff src_file (optional; list your changes)
305 $ cvs commit src_file
306 </screen>
307 <para> It is essential that you provide a short description of the
308 changes you made to <filename>src_file</filename> as you check-in
309 this file (the "cvs commit" command automatically opens your standard
310 editor for this purpose).</para>
311 <para> Note:
312 Please ignore the following warnings that the "cvs commit" command
313 produces if you are not part of the "gcmpack" group:
314 <screen>
315 cvs commit: failed to create lock directory for `/u/gcmpack/CVSROOT'
316 (/u/gcmpack/CVSROOT/#cvs.history.lock): Permission denied
317 cvs commit: failed to obtain history lock in repository `/u/gcmpack'
318 </screen>
319 These warnings are not affecting the changes you made to the CVS repository.
320 </para>
321 </listitem>
322
323 </orderedlist>
324
325 </sect2>
326
327 <sect2>
328 <title>Main code development</title>
329 <para><emphasis>(formerly named "Tagging" ; this section needs an update)
330 </emphasis></para>
331
332 <para>The intent of tagging is to create "known-good" checkpoints that
333 developers can use as references. Traditionally, MITgcm tagging has
334 maintained the following conventions:</para>
335
336 <orderedlist>
337 <listitem>
338 <para>Developer checks out code into a local CVS-managed directory,
339 makes various changes/additions, tests these edits, and eventually
340 reaches a point where (s)he is satisfied that the changes form a new
341 "useful" point in the evolution of the code.</para>
342 </listitem>
343
344 <listitem>
345 <para>The developer then runs the <ulink
346 url="http://mitgcm.org/viewvc/MITgcm/MITgcm/verification/testreport">
347 testreport</ulink> shell script to see if any problems are introduced.
348 While not intended to be exhaustive, the test cases within the
349 verification directory do provide some indication whether gross errors
350 have been introduced.
351 </para>
352 </listitem>
353
354 <listitem>
355 <para>Having satisfied him- or herself that the changes are
356 ready to be committed to the CVS repository, the developer
357 then:</para>
358 <orderedlist>
359 <listitem>
360 <para>adds a "checkpointXY_pre" comment (where X is a checkpoint
361 number and Y is a letter) to the <ulink
362 url="http://mitgcm.org/viewvc/MITgcm/MITgcm/doc/tag-index">
363 tag-index</ulink> file and checks it into the CVS
364 repository</para>
365 </listitem>
366 <listitem>
367 <para>submits the set of changes to the CVS repository and adds
368 comments to <filename>tag-index</filename> describing what the
369 changes are along with a matching "checkpointXY_post" entry</para>
370 </listitem>
371 </orderedlist>
372 </listitem>
373 </orderedlist>
374
375 <para>The result of this tagging procedure is a sequence of development
376 checkpoints with comments which resembles:</para>
377
378 <programlisting>
379 checkpoint50e_post
380 o make KPP work with PTRACERS
381 - fix gad_calc_rhs to call new routine kpp_transport_ptr, which is
382 nearly a copy of kpp_transport_s
383 - there is no analogue to SurfaceTendencyS, so I have to use
384 gPtr(of the surface layer) instead
385 o add a new platform SunFire+mpi (SunFire 15000) to genmake
386 checkpoint50e_pre
387
388 checkpoint50d_post
389 o change kpp output from multiple-record state files to single-record state
390 files analogous to write_state.F
391 o reduce the output frequency of cg3d-related stuff to the monitor frequency,
392 analogous to the cg2d-related output.
393 o fix small problem with in ptracers_write_checkpoint.F: len(suff)=512,
394 so that writing to internal file fn (with length 512) fails.
395 checkpoint50d_pre
396 </programlisting>
397
398 <para>This information can be used to refer to various stages of the code
399 development. For example, bugs can be traced to individual sets of CVS
400 checkins based upon their first appearance when comparing the results from
401 different checkpoints.</para>
402
403 </sect2>
404 </sect1>
405
406 <sect1 id="coding">
407 <title>Coding for MITgcm</title>
408
409 <sect2 id="build_tools">
410 <title>Build Tools</title>
411
412 <para>Many Open Source projects use the "GNU Autotools" to help streamline
413 the build process for various Unix and Unix-like architectures. For a
414 user, the result is the common "configure" (that is,
415 "<filename>./configure && make && make install</filename>") commands.
416 For MITgcm, the process is similar. Typical commands are:</para>
417
418 <screen>
419 $ genmake2 -mods=../code
420 $ make depend
421 $ make
422 </screen>
423
424 <para>The following sections describe the individual steps in the build
425 process.</para>
426
427 <sect3 id="genmake">
428 <title>The <filename>genmake2</> Utility</title>
429
430 <para><emphasis>(Note: the older <filename>genmake</>
431 has been replaced by <filename>genmake2</>)</emphasis></para>
432
433 <para>The first step in any MITgcm build is to create a Unix-style
434 <filename>Makefile</filename> which will be parsed by
435 <filename>make</filename> to specify how to compile the MITgcm source
436 files. For more detailed descriptions of what the make tools are and
437 how they are used, please see:</para>
438
439 <itemizedlist>
440 <listitem>
441 <para><ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/make/make.html">
442 http://www.gnu.org/software/make/make.html</></para>
443 </listitem>
444 <listitem>
445 <para><ulink url="http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/make2/">
446 http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/make2/</></para>
447 </listitem>
448 </itemizedlist>
449
450 <para>Genmake can often be invoked successfully with a command line as
451 simple as:</para>
452
453 <screen>
454 $ genmake2 -mods=../code
455 </screen>
456
457 <para>However, some systems (particularly commercial Unixes that lack a
458 more modern "/bin/sh" implementation or that have shells installed in
459 odd locations) may require an explicit shell invocation such as one of
460 the following: </para>
461
462 <screen>
463 $ /usr/bin/sh genmake2 -make=gmake -mods=../code
464 $ /opt/gnu/bin/bash genmake2 -ieee -make=/usr/local/bin/gmake -mods=../code
465 </screen>
466
467 <para>The genmake2 code has been written in a Bourne and BASH (v1)
468 compatible syntax so it should work with most "sh" and all recent "bash"
469 implementations.</para>
470
471 <para>As the name implies, <filename>genmake2</filename> generates a
472 <filename>Makefile</filename>. It does so by first parsing the
473 information supplied from the following sources</para>
474
475 <orderedlist>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>a <filename>gemake_local</filename> file in the current
478 directory</para>
479 </listitem>
480 <listitem>
481 <para>directly from command-line options</para>
482 </listitem>
483 <listitem>
484 <para>an "options file" as specified by the command-line option
485 <filename>-optfile='FILENAME'</filename></para>
486 </listitem>
487 <listitem>
488 <para> a <filename>packages.conf</filename> file (in the current
489 directory or in one of the "MODS" directories, see below)
490 which contains the specific list of packages to compile
491 </para>
492 </listitem>
493 </orderedlist>
494
495 <para>then checking certain dependency rules (the package dependencies),
496 and finally writing a <filename>Makefile</filename> based upon the
497 source code that it finds. For convenience within various Unix
498 shells, <filename>genmake2</> supports both "long"- and "short"-style
499 options. A complete list of the available options can be obtained
500 from:</para>
501
502 <screen>
503 $ genmake2 -help
504 </screen>
505
506 <para>The most important options for <filename>genmake2</> are:</para>
507
508 <variablelist>
509
510 <varlistentry>
511 <term><filename>--optfile=/PATH/FILENAME</></term>
512
513 <listitem>
514 <para>This specifies the "options file" that should be used for a
515 particular build. The options file is a convenient and
516 machine-indepenent way of specifying parameters such as the
517 FORTRAN compiler (<filename>FC=</>), FORTRAN compiler
518 optimization flags (<filename>FFLAGS=</>), and the locations of
519 various platform- and/or machine-specific tools
520 (eg. <filename>MAKEDEPEND=</>). As with <filename>genmake2</>,
521 all options files should be written to be compatible with
522 Bourne--shell ("sh" or "BASH v1") syntax. Examples of various
523 options files can be found in
524 <filename>$ROOTDIR/tools/build_options</>.</para>
525
526 <para>If no "optfile" is specified (either through the command lin
527 or the environment variable), genmake2 will try to make a
528 reasonable guess from the list provided in
529 <filename>$ROOTDIR/tools/build_options</>. The method used for
530 making this guess is to first determine the combination of
531 operating system and hardware (eg. "linux_ia32") and then find a
532 working Fortran compiler within the user's path. When these
533 three items have been identified, genmake2 will try to find an
534 optfile that has a matching name. </para>
535
536 <para>Everyone is encouraged to submit their options files to the
537 MITgcm project for inclusion (please send to
538 <email>MITgcm-support@mitgcm.org</email>). We are particularly
539 grateful for options files tested on new or unique
540 platforms!</para>
541 </listitem>
542
543 </varlistentry>
544
545 <varlistentry>
546 <term><filename>-adof=/path/to/file</></term>
547 <term><filename>-adoptfile=/path/to/file</></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>This option specifies the "adjoint" or automatic
550 differentiation options file to be used. The file is analogous
551 to the "optfile" defined above but it specifies information for
552 the AD build process. The default file is located in <filename>
553 $ROOTDIR/tools/adjoint_options/adjoint_default </> and it
554 defines the "TAF" and "TAMC" compilers. An alternate version is
555 also available at <filename>
556 $ROOTDIR/tools/adjoint_options/adjoint_staf </> that selects the
557 newer "STAF" compiler. As with any compilers, it is helpful to
558 have their directories listed in your $PATH environment
559 variable.</para>
560 </listitem>
561 </varlistentry>
562
563 <varlistentry>
564 <term><filename>-mods=DIR</></term>
565 <term><filename>-mods='DIR1 [DIR2 ...]'</></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>This option specifies a list of directories containing
568 "modifications". These directories contain files with names
569 that may (or may not) exist in the main MITgcm source tree but
570 will be overridden by any identically-named sources within the
571 "MODS" directories. The order of precedence for this
572 "name-hiding" is as follows:</para>
573 <itemizedlist>
574 <listitem><para>"MODS" directories (in the order given)
575 </para></listitem>
576 <listitem><para>Packages either explicitly specified or
577 provided by default (in the order given)</para></listitem>
578 <listitem><para>Packages included due to package dependencies
579 (in the order that that package dependencies are
580 parsed)</para></listitem>
581 <listitem><para>The "standard dirs" (which may have been
582 specified by the "-standarddirs" option)</para></listitem>
583 </itemizedlist>
584 </listitem>
585 </varlistentry>
586
587 <varlistentry>
588 <term><filename>-pgroups=/PATH/FILENAME</></term>
589 <listitem>
590 <para>This option specifies the file where package groups are
591 defined. If not set, the package-groups definition will
592 be read from
593 <filename>$ROOTDIR/pkg/pkg_groups</>.</para>
594 <para>
595 It also contains the default list of packages (defined
596 as the group <filename>"default_pkg_list"</>) which is used
597 when no specific package list (file: <filename>packages.conf</>)
598 is found in current directory or in any "MODS" directory.
599 </para>
600 </listitem>
601 </varlistentry>
602
603 <varlistentry>
604 <term><filename>-pdepend=/PATH/FILENAME</></term>
605
606 <listitem>
607 <para>This specifies the dependency file used for packages. If
608 not specified, the default dependency file is
609 <filename>$ROOTDIR/pkg/pkg_depend</>. The syntax for this file is
610 parsed on a line-by-line basis where each line containes either a
611 comment ("#") or a simple "PKGNAME1 (+|-)PKGNAME2" pairwise rule
612 where the "+" or "-" symbol specifies a "must be used with" or a
613 "must not be used with" relationship, respectively. If no rule is
614 specified, then it is assumed that the two packages are compatible
615 and will function either with or without each other.</para>
616 </listitem>
617 </varlistentry>
618
619 <varlistentry>
620 <term><filename>-make=/path/to/gmake</></term>
621 <listitem>
622 <para>Due to the poor handling of soft-links and other bugs common
623 with the <filename>make</> versions provided by commercial Unix
624 vendors, GNU <filename>make</filename> (sometimes called
625 <filename>gmake</filename>) should be preferred. This option
626 provides a means for specifying the make program to be
627 used.</para>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 </variablelist>
632
633 <para>A successful run of <filename>genmake2</> will produce a
634 <filename>Makefile</>, a <filename>PACKAGES_CONFIG.h</> file, and
635 various convenience files used for the automatic differentiation
636 process.</para>
637
638 <para>In general, it is best to use <filename>genmake2</> on a "clean"
639 directory that is free of all source (*.[F,f],*.[F,f]90) and header
640 (*.h,*.inc) files. Generally, this can be accomplished in an
641 "un-clean" directory by running "make Clean" followed by "make
642 makefile".</para>
643
644 </sect3>
645
646 <sect3 id="makefile_use">
647 <title>Using the <filename>Makefile</></title>
648
649 <para>Once a <filename>Makefile</> has been created using
650 <filename>genmake2</>, one can build a "standard" (forward
651 simulator) executable using:</para>
652
653 <screen>
654 $ make Clean
655 $ make depend
656 $ make
657 </screen>
658
659 <para>The "make Clean" step will remove any stale source files, include
660 files, and links. It is strongly recommended for "un-clean"
661 directories which may contain the (perhaps partial) results of
662 previous builds. Such "debris" can interfere with the next stage of
663 the build.
664 A more agressive cleaning option, "make CLEAN", can be used to also
665 remove the executable and output files from a previous run.</para>
666
667 <para>The "make depend" step will create a large number of symbolic
668 links from the local directory to the source file locations. It also
669 parses these files and creates an extensive list of dependencies
670 within the <filename>Makefile</> itself. The links that exist at this
671 stage are mostly "large F" files (*.F and *.F90) that need to be
672 processed by a C preprocessor ("CPP"). Since "make depend" edits the
673 <filename>Makefile</>, it is important not to skip this step!</para>
674
675 <para>The final "make" invokes the C preprocessor to produce the "little
676 f" files (*.f and *.f90) and then compiles them to object code using
677 the specified FORTRAN compiler and options. An intermediate script is
678 often used during this stage to further process (usually, make simple
679 substitutions) custom definitions such as variable types within the
680 source files. This additional stage is necessary in order to overcome
681 some of the inconsistencies in the sizes of objects (bytes) between
682 different compilers. The result of the build process is an executable
683 with the name <filename>mitgcmuv</>.</para>
684
685 <para>In addition to the forward simulator described above, the
686 <filename>Makefile</> also has a number of targets that can be used to
687 produce various adjoint and tangent-linear builds for optimization and
688 other parameter-sensitivity problems. The additional targets within
689 the <filename>Makefile</> are:</para>
690
691 <variablelist>
692
693 <varlistentry>
694 <term><filename>make adall</></term>
695 <listitem>
696 <para>This target produces an <filename>mitgcmuv_ad</> executable
697 using the <filename>taf</> or <filename>staf</> adjoint
698 compiler. See the <filename>genmake2</> "-adof" option for
699 compiler selection.</para>
700 </listitem>
701 </varlistentry>
702
703 <varlistentry>
704 <term><filename>make ftlall</></term>
705 <listitem>
706 <para>Similar to <filename>make adall</> above, this
707 produces...</para>
708 </listitem>
709 </varlistentry>
710
711 </variablelist>
712
713 <para>Please report any compilation failures or other build problems to
714 the <email>MITgcm-support@mitgcm.org</email> list.</para>
715
716 </sect3>
717
718 </sect2>
719
720 <sect2 id="verification">
721 <title>The Verification Suite</title>
722
723 <para>The MITgcm CVS tree (within the <filename>$ROOTDIR/verification/</>
724 directory) includes many (> 90) examples intended for regression
725 testing. Each one of these test-experiment directories contains "known-good"
726 output files along with all the input (including both code and data
727 files) required for their re-calculation.
728 Also included in <filename>$ROOTDIR/verification/</> is the shell
729 script <filename>testreport</> to perform regression tests.</para>
730
731 <sect3 id="test-experiment">
732 <title>Test-experiment Directory Content</title>
733
734 <para> Each test-experiment directory (<filename>TESTDIR</>) contains
735 several standard subdirectories and files which <filename>testreport</>
736 recognizes and uses when running a regression test.
737 The directories/files that <filename>testreport</> uses are different
738 for a forward test and an adjoint test (<filename>testreport -adm</>)
739 and some test-experiments are set-up for only one type of regression
740 test whereas others allow both types of tests (forward and adjoint).</para>
741 <para>Also some test-experiment allows, using the same MITgcm executable,
742 to perform multiple tests using different parameters and input files,
743 with a primary input set-up
744 (<filename>input/ </> or <filename>input_ad/ </>)
745 and corresponding results (<filename>results/output.txt</> or
746 <filename>results/output_adm.txt</>) and with one or several secondary
747 inputs (<filename>input.OTHER/ </> or <filename>input_ad.OTHER/ </>)
748 and corresponding results (<filename>results/output.OTHER.txt </>
749 or <filename>results/output_adm.OTHER.txt</>).</para>
750 <variablelist>
751
752 <varlistentry>
753 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/results/</></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>contains reference standard output used for test comparison.
756 <filename>results/output.txt</> and
757 <filename>results/output_adm.txt</>
758 correspond respectively to primary forward and adjoint test
759 run on the reference platform (currently
760 <filename>baudelaire.csail.mit.edu</>)
761 on one processor (no MPI, single thread)
762 using the reference compiler (curently the GNU fortran
763 compiler <filename>gfortran</>).
764 The presence of these files determines whether or not
765 <filename>testreport</> is testing or skipping
766 this test-experiment.
767 Reference standard output for secondary tests
768 (<filename>results/output.OTHER.txt</>
769 or <filename>results/output_adm.OTHER.txt</>) are
770 also expected here.</para>
771 <para>The test comparison involves few model variables output, which are,
772 by default and for a forward test, the 2-D solver initial residual
773 (<filename>cg2d_init_res</>) and 3-D state variables (T,S,U,V)
774 monitor output, and, by default and for an adjoint test, the
775 cost-function and gradient-check. However, some test-experiments
776 use some package-specific variable/monitor output according to
777 the file <filename>TESTDIR/input[_ad][.OTHER]/tr_checklist</>
778 specification.</para>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry>
783 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/build/</></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para> initially empty directory where <filename>testreport</>
786 will build the MITgcm executable for forward and adjoint test.
787 It might contains an experiment specific
788 <filename>genmake_local</> file (see <xref linkend="genmake">).
789 </para>
790 <para> Note that the original <filename>code[_ad]/SIZE.h_mpi</>
791 is not directly used as "SIZE.h" to build an MPI-executable ;
792 instead, a local copy <filename>build/SIZE.h.mpi</> is derived
793 from <filename>code[_ad]/SIZE.h_mpi</>
794 by adjusting the number of processors (nPx,nPy) according to
795 <filename>NUMBER_OF_PROCS</> (see <xref linkend="testreport">,
796 <filename>testreport -MPI</>) ; then it is linked to "SIZE.h"
797 (<filename> ln -s SIZE.h.mpi SIZE.h </>) before building
798 the MPI-executable.</para>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry>
803 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/code/</></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>contains the test-experiment specific source code
806 used to build the MITgcm executable (<filename>mitgcmuv</>)
807 for forward-test (using <filename>genmake2 -mods=../code</>).
808 </para>
809 <para> It can also contain specific source files with the suffix
810 "<filename>_mpi</>" to be used
811 <!--
812 in the <filename>TESTDIR/build/</> directory
813 -->
814 in place of the corresponding file (without suffix)
815 for an MPI test (see <xref linkend="testreport">).
816 The presence or absence of <filename>SIZE.h_mpi</>
817 determines whether or not an MPI test on this
818 test-experiment is performed or skipped.</para>
819 </listitem>
820 </varlistentry>
821
822 <varlistentry>
823 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/code_ad/</></term>
824 <listitem>
825 <para>contains the test-experiment specific source code
826 used to build the MITgcm executable (<filename>mitgcmuv_ad</>)
827 for adjoint-test (using <filename>genmake2 -mods=../code_ad</>).
828 It can also contain specific source files with the suffix
829 "<filename>_mpi</>" (see above).</para>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry>
834 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/input/</></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>contains the input and parameter files
837 used to run the primary forward test of this test-experiment.
838 </para>
839 <para>It can also contain specific parameter files with the suffix
840 "<filename>.mpi</>" to be used
841 <!--
842 in the <filename>TESTDIR/run/</> directory
843 -->
844 in place of the corresponding file (without suffix) for MPI
845 test, or with suffix "<filename>.mth</>" to be used for
846 multi-threaded test (see <xref linkend="testreport">).
847 The presence or absence of <filename>eedata.mth</>
848 determines whether or not a multi-threaded test on this
849 test-experiment is performed or skipped.</para>
850 <para>To save disk space and reduce downloading time, multiple
851 copies of the same input file is avoided by using a shell
852 script <filename>prepare_run</>.
853 When such a script is found in <filename>TESTDIR/input/ </>,
854 <filename>testreport</> run this script in directory
855 <filename>TESTDIR/run/ </> after linking all the input file
856 from <filename>TESTDIR/input/ </>.
857 </para>
858 </listitem>
859 </varlistentry>
860
861 <varlistentry>
862 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/input_ad/</></term>
863 <listitem>
864 <para>contains the input and parameter files
865 used to run the primary adjoint test of this test-experiment.
866 It can also contain specific parameter files with the suffix
867 "<filename>.mpi</>" and shell script <filename>prepare_run</>
868 as described above.</para>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry>
873 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/input.OTHER/</></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>contains the input and parameter files
876 used to run the secondary OTHER forward test of this test-experiment.
877 It can also contain specific parameter files with suffix
878 "<filename>.mpi</>" or "<filename>.mth</>" and shell script
879 <filename>prepare_run</> (see above).</para>
880 <para> The presence or absence the file <filename>eedata.mth</>
881 determines whether or not a secondary multi-threaded test on this
882 test-experiment is performed or skipped.</para>
883 </listitem>
884 </varlistentry>
885
886 <varlistentry>
887 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/input_ad.OTHER/</></term>
888 <listitem>
889 <para>contains the input and parameter files
890 used to run the secondary OTHER adjoint test of this test-experiment.
891 It can also contain specific parameter files with the suffix
892 "<filename>.mpi</>" and shell script <filename>prepare_run</>
893 (see above).</para>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896 <!--
897 -->
898 <varlistentry>
899 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/run/</></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para> initially empty directory where <filename>testreport</>
902 will run the MITgcm executable for primary forward and adjoint
903 test.</para>
904 <para>Symbolic links (using command "<filename>ln -s</>") are made
905 for input and parameter files (from <filename>../input/ </>
906 or from <filename>../input_ad/ </>) and for MITgcm executable
907 (from <filename>../build/ </>) before the run proceeds.
908 The sequence of links (function <filename>linkdata</> within shell
909 script <filename>testreport</>) for a forward test is:</para>
910 <screen>
911 * link+rename or remove links
912 to special files with suffix ".mpi" or ".mth" from ../input/
913 * link files from ../input/
914 * execute ../input/prepare_run (if it exists)
915 </screen>
916 <para>The sequence for an ajoint test is similar, with
917 <filename>../input_ad/ </> replacing <filename>../input/ </>.
918 </para>
919 </listitem>
920 </varlistentry>
921
922 <varlistentry>
923 <term>directory <filename>TESTDIR/tr_run.OTHER/</></term>
924 <listitem>
925 <para> directory created by <filename>testreport</>
926 to run the MITgcm executable for secondary "OTHER" forward
927 or adjoint test.</para>
928 <para> The sequence of links for a forward secondary test is:</para>
929 <screen>
930 * link+rename or remove links
931 to special files with suffix ".mpi" or ".mth" from ../input.OTHER/
932 * link files from ../input.OTHER/
933 * execute ../input.OTHER/prepare_run (if it exists)
934 * link files from ../input/
935 * execute ../input/prepare_run (if it exists)
936 </screen>
937 <para>The sequence for an ajoint test is similar, with
938 <filename>../input_ad.OTHER/ </> and <filename>../input_ad/ </>
939 replacing <filename>../input.OTHER/ </> and <filename>../input/ </>.
940 </para>
941 </listitem>
942 </varlistentry>
943
944 </variablelist>
945 </sect3>
946
947 <sect3 id="testreport">
948 <title>The <filename>testreport</> Utility</title>
949
950 <para> The shell script <filename>testreport</> (in
951 <filename>$ROOTDIR/verification/</>), which was written to work with
952 <filename>genmake2</>, can be used to build different versions
953 of the MITgcm code, run the various examples, compare the output,
954 and (if specified) email the results of each one of these tests to a
955 central repository.</para>
956
957 <para>On some systems, the testreport script can be run with a command
958 line as simple as:</para>
959
960 <screen>
961 $ cd verification
962 $ ./testreport
963 </screen>
964
965 <para>However, some systems (those lacking or wiht a broken "/bin/sh")
966 may require an explicit shell invocation such as:</para>
967
968 <screen>
969 $ sh ./testreport -t 'exp2 exp4'
970 $ /some/path/to/bash ./testreport -t 'ideal_2D_oce lab_sea natl_box'
971 </screen>
972
973 <para>The <filename>testreport</> script accepts a number of
974 command-line options which can be listed using the <filename>-help</>
975 option. The most important ones are:</para>
976
977 <variablelist>
978
979 <varlistentry>
980 <term><filename>-ieee</> (default) / <filename>-noieee</></term>
981 <listitem>
982 <para>If allowed by the compiler (as defined in the "optfile"),
983 use IEEE arithmetic (<filename>genmake2 -ieee</>).
984 This option, along with the gfortran / gcc compiler,
985 is how the standard results are produced.</para>
986 </listitem>
987 </varlistentry>
988
989 <varlistentry>
990 <term><filename>-optfile=/PATH/FILENAME</></term>
991 <term><filename>-optfile '/PATH/F1 [/PATH/F2 ...]'</></term>
992 <listitem>
993 <para>This specifies a list of "options files" that will be passed
994 to <filename>genmake2</>. If multiple options files are used
995 (say, to test different compilers or different sets of options
996 for the same compiler), then each options file will be used with
997 each of the test directories.</para>
998 </listitem>
999 </varlistentry>
1000
1001 <varlistentry>
1002 <term><filename>-tdir TESTDIR</></term>
1003 <term><filename>-tdir 'TDIR1 TDIR2 [...]'</></term>
1004 <listitem>
1005 <para>This option specifies the test directory or list of test
1006 directories that should be used. Each of these entries should
1007 exactly (note: they are case sensitive!) match the names of
1008 directories in <filename>$ROOTDIR/verification/</>. If this
1009 option is omitted, then all directories that are properly
1010 formatted (that is, containing an <filename>input</>
1011 sub-directory and a <filename>results/output.txt</> file) will
1012 be used.</para>
1013 </listitem>
1014 </varlistentry>
1015
1016 <varlistentry>
1017 <term><filename>-addr EMAIL</></term>
1018 <term><filename>-addr 'EMAIL1 EMAIL2 [...]'</></term>
1019 <listitem>
1020 <para>Send the results (namely, <filename>output.txt</>,
1021 <filename>genmake_local</>, <filename>genmake_state</>, and
1022 <filename>Makefile</>) to the specified email addresses. The
1023 results are gzipped, placed in a tar file, MIME encoded, and
1024 sent to the specified address. If no email addresses are
1025 specified, no mail is sent.</para>
1026 </listitem>
1027 </varlistentry>
1028
1029 <varlistentry>
1030 <term><filename>-MPI NUMBER_OF_PROCS</></term>
1031 <term><filename>-mpi</></term>
1032 <listitem>
1033 <para>If the necessary file (<filename>TESTDIR/code/SIZE.h_mpi</>)
1034 exists, then use it (and all <filename>TESTDIR/code/*_mpi</> files)
1035 for an MPI--enabled run. The new option (<filename>-MPI</> followed
1036 by the maximum number of processors) enable to build and run each
1037 test-experiment using variable number of MPI processors (multiple
1038 of <filename>nPx*nPy</> from <filename>TESTDIR/code/SIZE.h_mpi</>
1039 and not larger than <filename>NUMBER_OF_PROCS</>).
1040 The short option ("-mpi") can only be used to build and run on 2 MPI
1041 processors (equivalent to "<filename>-MPI 2</>").</para>
1042 <para>Note that the use of MPI typically requires a
1043 special command option (see "-command" below) to invoke the MPI
1044 executable. Examples of PBS scripts using testreport with MPI can be
1045 found in the <ulink
1046 url="http://mitgcm.org/viewvc/MITgcm/MITgcm/tools/example_scripts/">
1047 tools/example_scripts directory</ulink>.</para>
1048 </listitem>
1049 </varlistentry>
1050
1051 <varlistentry>
1052 <term><filename>-command='some command to run'</></term>
1053 <listitem>
1054 <para>For some tests, particularly MPI runs, a specific command
1055 might be needed to run the executable. This option allows a more general
1056 command (or shell script) to be invoked. Examples of PBS scripts
1057 using testreport with MPI can be found in the <ulink
1058 url="http://mitgcm.org/viewvc/MITgcm/MITgcm/tools/example_scripts/">
1059 tools/example_scripts directory</ulink>.</para>
1060 <para>
1061 For the case where the number of MPI processors varies according
1062 to each test-experiment, some key-words within the command-to-run
1063 argument will be replaced by their effective value:</para>
1064 <para>
1065 <filename>TR_NPROC </> will be replaced by the actual number
1066 of MPI processors needed to run the current test-experiment.</para>
1067 <para>
1068 <filename>TR_MFILE </> will be replaced by the name of local-file
1069 that testreport creates from the full list of machines which
1070 "<filename>testreport -mf MACHINE_FILE</>" provides, but truncated
1071 to the exact number of machines.</para>
1072 </listitem>
1073 </varlistentry>
1074
1075 <varlistentry>
1076 <term><filename>-mf MACHINE_FILE</></term>
1077 <listitem>
1078 <para>
1079 To use with <filename>-MPI NUMBER_OF_PROCS</> option, to specify
1080 the file containing the full list of <filename>NUMBER_OF_PROCS</>
1081 machines to use for the MPI runs.</para>
1082 </listitem>
1083 </varlistentry>
1084
1085 <varlistentry>
1086 <term><filename>-mth</></term>
1087 <listitem>
1088 <para>compile (with <filename>genmake2 -omp</>) and run with
1089 multiple threads (using eedata.mth).</para>
1090 </listitem>
1091 </varlistentry>
1092
1093 </variablelist>
1094
1095 <para>The <filename>testreport</> script will create an output directory
1096 <filename>tr_NAME_DATE_N/ </>, with <filename>hostname</> as default
1097 <filename>NAME</>, <filename>DATE</> the current date followed by
1098 a suffix number "N" to distinguish from previous
1099 <filename>testreport</> output directories.
1100 <filename>testreport</> writes progress to the screen (stdout)
1101 and reports into the ouput directory as it runs.
1102 In particular, one can find, in the ouput directory,
1103 the <filename>summary.txt</> file that contains a brief comparison
1104 of the current output with the "known-good" output.
1105 At the end of the testing process, the <filename>tr_out.txt</> file
1106 is generated in <filename>$ROOTDIR/verification/ </>
1107 as a compact version of <filename>summry.txt</> file.</para>
1108
1109 </sect3>
1110
1111 <sect3 id="tst_2plus2">
1112 <title>The <filename>do_tst_2+2</> Utility</title>
1113 <para> The shell script <filename>do_tst_2+2</> (in
1114 <filename>$ROOTDIR/tools/ </>)
1115 can be used to check the accuracy of the restart procedure.
1116 </para>
1117 </sect3>
1118
1119 </sect2>
1120
1121 <sect2 id="packages">
1122 <title>Creating MITgcm Packages</title>
1123
1124 <para>Optional parts of code have been separated from the MITgcmUV core
1125 driver code and organised into packages. The packaging structure
1126 provides a mechanism for maintaining suites of code, specific to
1127 particular classes of problems, in a way that is cleanly separated from
1128 the generic fluid dynamical engine.</para>
1129
1130 <para>The MITgcmUV packaging structure is described below using generic
1131 package names ${pkg}. A concrete examples of a package is the code for
1132 implementing GM/Redi mixing. This code uses the package name</para>
1133
1134 </sect2>
1135
1136 </sect1>
1137
1138 <sect1>
1139 <title>Chris's Notes...</title>
1140
1141 <programlisting>
1142 MITgcmUV Packages
1143 =================
1144
1145 Optional parts of code are separated from
1146 the MITgcmUV core driver code and organised into
1147 packages. The packaging structure provides a mechanism for
1148 maintaining suites of code, specific to particular
1149 classes of problem, in a way that is cleanly
1150 separated from the generic fluid dynamical engine.
1151
1152 The MITgcmUV packaging structure is describe
1153 below using generic package names ${pkg}.
1154 A concrete examples of a package is the code
1155 for implementing GM/Redi mixing. This code uses
1156 the package name
1157 * ${PKG} = GMREDI
1158 * ${pkg} = gmredi
1159 * ${Pkg} = gmRedi
1160
1161 Package states
1162 ==============
1163
1164 Packages can be any one of four states, included,
1165 excluded, enabled, disabled as follows:
1166
1167 included(excluded) compile time state which
1168 includes(excludes) package
1169 code and routine calls from
1170 compilation/linking etc...
1171
1172 enabled(disabled) run-time state which
1173 enables(disables) package code
1174 execution.
1175
1176 Every call to a ${pkg}_... routine from outside the package
1177 should be placed within both a
1178 #ifdef ALLOW_${PKG} ... block and a
1179 if ( use${Pkg} ) ... then block.
1180 Package states are generally not expected to change during
1181 a model run.
1182
1183 Package structure
1184 =================
1185
1186 o Each package gets its runtime configuration
1187 parameters from a file named "data.${pkg}"
1188 Package runtime config. options are imported
1189 into a common block held in a header file
1190 called "${PKG}.h".
1191 Note: In some packages, the header file "${PKG}.h" is splitted
1192 into "${PKG}_PARAMS.h" that contains the package parameters and
1193 ${PKG}_VARS.h" for the field arrays.
1194
1195 o The core driver part of the model can check
1196 for runtime enabling or disabling of individual packages
1197 through logical flags use${Pkg}.
1198 The information is loaded from a
1199 global package setup file called "data.pkg".
1200 The use${Pkg} flags are not used within
1201 individual packages.
1202
1203 o Included in "${PKG}.h" is a logical flag
1204 called ${Pkg}IsOn. The "${PKG}.h" header file can be imported
1205 by other packages to check dependencies and requirements
1206 from other packages ( see "Package Boot Sequence" section).
1207 NOTE: This procedure is not presently implemented,
1208 ----- neither for kpp nor for gmRedi.
1209
1210 CPP Flags
1211 =========
1212
1213 1. Within the core driver code flags of the form
1214 ALLOW_${PKG} are used to include or exclude
1215 whole packages. The ALLOW_${PKG} flags are included
1216 from a PACKAGES_CONFIG.h file that is automatically
1217 generated by genmake2 (see genmake2 section).
1218 held in-line in the CPP_OPTIONS.h header file.
1219 e.g.
1220
1221 Core model code .....
1222
1223 #include "PACKAGES_CONFIG.h"
1224 #include "CPP_OPTIONS.h"
1225 :
1226 :
1227 :
1228
1229 #ifdef ALLOW_${PKG}
1230 if ( use${Pkg} ) CALL ${PKG}_DO_SOMETHING(...)
1231 #endif
1232
1233 2. Within an individual package a header file,
1234 "${PKG}_OPTIONS.h", is used to set CPP flags
1235 specific to that package. It also includes
1236 "PACKAGES_CONFIG.h" and "CPP_OPTIONS.h".
1237
1238 Package Boot Sequence
1239 =====================
1240
1241 Calls to package routines within the core code timestepping
1242 loop can vary. However, all packages follow a required
1243 "boot" sequence outlined here:
1244
1245 1. S/R PACKAGES_BOOT()
1246 :
1247 CALL OPEN_COPY_DATA_FILE( 'data.pkg', 'PACKAGES_BOOT', ... )
1248
1249 2. S/R PACKAGES_READPARMS()
1250 :
1251 #ifdef ALLOW_${PKG}
1252 if ( use${Pkg} )
1253 & CALL ${PKG}_READPARMS( retCode )
1254 #endif
1255
1256 3. S/R PACKAGES_INIT_FIXED()
1257 :
1258 #ifdef ALLOW_${PKG}
1259 if ( use${Pkg} )
1260 & CALL ${PKG}_INIT_FIXED( retCode )
1261 #endif
1262
1263 4. S/R PACKAGES_CHECK()
1264 :
1265 #ifdef ALLOW_${PKG}
1266 if ( use${Pkg} )
1267 & CALL ${PKG}_CHECK( retCode )
1268 #else
1269 if ( use${Pkg} )
1270 & CALL PACKAGES_CHECK_ERROR('${PKG}')
1271 #endif
1272
1273 5. S/R PACKAGES_INIT_VARIABLES()
1274 :
1275 #ifdef ALLOW_${PKG}
1276 if ( use${Pkg} )
1277 & CALL ${PKG}_INIT_VARIA( )
1278 #endif
1279
1280 Package Output
1281 ==============
1282 6. S/R DO_THE_MODEL_IO
1283
1284 #ifdef ALLOW_${PKG}
1285 if ( use${Pkg} )
1286 & CALL ${PKG}_OUTPUT( )
1287 #endif
1288
1289 7. S/R PACKAGES_WRITE_PICKUP()
1290
1291 #ifdef ALLOW_${PKG}
1292 if ( use${Pkg} )
1293 & CALL ${PKG}_WRITE_PICKUP( )
1294 #endif
1295
1296 Description
1297 ===========
1298
1299 - ${PKG}_READPARMS()
1300 is responsible for reading
1301 in the package parameters file data.${pkg}, and storing
1302 the package parameters in "${PKG}.h" (or in "${PKG}_PARAMS.h").
1303 -> called from INITIALISE_FIXED in PACKAGES_READPARMS
1304
1305 - ${PKG}_INIT_FIXED()
1306 is responsible for completing the internal setup of a package.
1307 -> called from INITIALISE_FIXED in PACKAGES_INIT_FIXED
1308 note: 1) some pkg use instead:
1309 CALL ${PKG}_INITIALISE ( or the old form CALL ${PKG}_INIT )
1310 2) for simple pkg setup, this part is done inside ${PKG}_READPARMS
1311
1312 - ${PKG}_CHECK()
1313 is responsible for validating
1314 basic package setup and inter-package dependencies.
1315 ${PKG}_CHECK can import other package parameters it may
1316 need to check. This is done through header files "${PKG}.h".
1317 It is assumed that parameters owned by other packages
1318 will not be reset during ${PKG}_CHECK().
1319 -> called from INITIALISE_FIXED in PACKAGES_CHECK
1320
1321 - ${PKG}_INIT_VARIA()
1322 is responsible for fill-in all package variables with an initial value.
1323 Contains eventually a call to ${PKG}_READ_PICKUP that will read
1324 from a pickup file the package variables required to restart the model.
1325 This routine is called after the core model state has been completely
1326 initialised but before the core model timestepping starts.
1327 -> called from INITIALISE_VARIA in PACKAGES_INIT_VARIABLES
1328 note: the name ${PKG}_INIT_VARIA is not yet standard and some pkg
1329 use for e.g. ${PKG}_INI_VARS, ${PKG}_INIT_VARIABLES, or the old
1330 form ${PKG}_INIT
1331
1332 - ${PKG}_OUTPUT( )
1333 is responsible for writing time-average fields to output files
1334 (but the cumulating step is done within the package main S/R).
1335 Can also contain other diagnostics (.e.g. CALL ${PKG}_MONITOR)
1336 and write snap-shot fields that are hold in common blocks. Other
1337 temporary fields are directly dump to file where they are available.
1338 NOTE: 1) the S/R old name ${PKG}_DIAGS is used in some packages
1339 but is beeing replaced by ${PKG}_OUTPUT
1340 to avoid confusion with pkg/diagnostics functionality.
1341 2) the output part is not yet in a standard form and might still
1342 evolve a lot.
1343 -> called within DO_THE_MODEL_IO
1344
1345 - ${PKG}_WRITE_PICKUP()
1346 is responsible for writing a package pickup file when necessary for
1347 a restart. (found also the old name: ${PKG}_WRITE_CHECKPOINT )
1348 -> called from FORWARD_STEP and THE_MODEL_MAIN in PACKAGES_WRITE_PICKUP
1349
1350 Summary
1351 =======
1352
1353 - CPP options:
1354 -----------------------
1355 * ALLOW_${PKG} include/exclude package for compilation
1356
1357 - FORTRAN logical:
1358 -----------------------
1359 * use${Pkg} enable package for execution at runtime
1360 -> declared in PARAMS.h
1361 * ${Pkg}IsOn for package cross-dependency check
1362 -> declared in ${PKG}.h
1363 N.B.: Not presently used!
1364
1365 - header files
1366 -----------------------
1367 * ${PKG}_OPTIONS.h has further package-specific CPP options
1368 * ${PKG}.h package-specific common block variables, fields
1369 or ${PKG}_PARAMS.h package-specific common block parameters
1370 and ${PKG}_VARS.h package-specific common block fields
1371
1372 - FORTRAN source files
1373 -----------------------
1374 * ${pkg}_readparms.F reads parameters from file data.${pkg}
1375 * ${pkg}_init_fixed.F complete the package setup
1376 * ${pkg}_check.F checks package dependencies and consistencies
1377 * ${pkg}_init_varia.F initialises package-related fields
1378 * ${pkg}_... .F package source code
1379 * ${pkg}_output.F write output to file.
1380 * ${pkg}_write_pickup.F write a package pickup file to restart the model
1381
1382 New: Subroutine in one package (pkgA) that only contains code which
1383 is connected to a 2nd package (pkgB) (e.g.: gmredi_diagnostics_init.F)
1384 will be named: pkgA_pkgB_something.F
1385
1386 - parameter file
1387 -----------------------
1388 * data.${pkg} parameter file
1389 </programlisting>
1390
1391 </sect1>
1392
1393 <sect1 id="documentation">
1394 <title>Editing the Documentation</title>
1395
1396 <sect2 id="documentation_getting">
1397 <title>Getting the Docs and Code</title>
1398
1399 <para>The first step towards editing the documentation is to checkout a
1400 copy of code, docs, and build scripts from the CVS server using:</para>
1401
1402 <screen>
1403 $ export CVS_RSH=ssh
1404 $ export CVSROOT=':ext:NAME@mitgcm.org:/u/gcmpack'
1405 $ mkdir scratch
1406 $ cvs co -P MITgcm manual mitgcm.org
1407 </screen>
1408
1409 <para>These commands extract the necessary information from the CVS server
1410 and create a temporary (called <filename>scratch</filename>) directory for
1411 the storage of the HTML and other files that will be created. Please note
1412 that you must either create <filename>scratch</filename> as shown or edit
1413 the various <filename>Makefile</filename>s and scripts used to create the
1414 documentation.</para>
1415 </sect2>
1416
1417 <sect2>
1418 <title>Editing the Documentation</title>
1419
1420 <para>The documentation is contained in the <filename>manual</filename>
1421 directory in a raw LaTeX format. The main document is
1422 <filename>manual.tex</filename> and it uses <command>\input{}</command>s
1423 to include the chapters and subsections.</para>
1424
1425 <para>Since the same LaTeX source is used to produce PostScript, PDF, and
1426 HTML output, care should be taken to follow certain conventions. Two of
1427 the most important are the usage of the <command>\filelink{}{}</command>
1428 and <command>\varlink{}{}</command> commands. Both of these commands have
1429 been defined to simplify the connection between the automatically
1430 generated ("code browser") HTML and the HTML version of the manual
1431 produced by LaTeX2HTML. They each take two arguments (corresponding to
1432 the contents of the two sets of curly braces) which are the text that the
1433 author wishes to be "wrapped" within the link, and a specially formatted
1434 link thats relative to the <filename>MITgcm</filename> directory within
1435 the CVS tree.</para>
1436
1437 <para>The result is a command that resembles either</para>
1438
1439 <orderedlist>
1440 <listitem>
1441 <para>a reference to a variable or subroutine name such as
1442 <command>\varlink{tRef}{tRef}</command>, or </para>
1443 </listitem>
1444
1445 <listitem>
1446 <para>a reference to a file such as
1447 <command>\varlink{tRef}{path-to-the-file_name.F}</command>
1448 where the absolute path to the file is of the form
1449 <filename>/foo/MITgcm/path/to/the/file_name.F</filename></para>
1450 <para>(please note how the leading "/foo/MITgcm"
1451 component of the path is dropped leaving the path
1452 <emphasis>relative</emphasis> to the head of the code
1453 directory and each directory separator "/" is turned
1454 into a "-")</para>
1455 </listitem>
1456 </orderedlist>
1457
1458
1459 </sect2>
1460
1461 <sect2>
1462 <title>Building the Documentation</title>
1463
1464 <para>Given the directory structure of <xref
1465 linkend="documentation_getting">, the entire documentation for the web
1466 site can be built using:</para>
1467
1468 <screen>
1469 $ cd mitgcm.org/devel/buildweb
1470 $ make All
1471 </screen>
1472
1473 <para>Which builds the PDF from the LaTeX source, creates the HTML output
1474 from the LaTeX source, parses the FORTRAN code base to produce a
1475 hyperlinked HTML version of the source, and then determines the
1476 cross-linking between the various HTML components.</para>
1477
1478 <para>If there are no errors, the result of the build process (which can
1479 take 30+ minutes on a P4/2.5Ghz) will be contained within a single
1480 directory called <filename>scratch/dev_docs</filename>. This is a freshly
1481 built version of the entire on-line users manual. If you have the correct
1482 permissions, it can be directly copied to the web server area:</para>
1483
1484 <screen>
1485 $ mv scratch/dev_docs /u/u0/httpd/html
1486 </screen>
1487
1488 <para>and the update is complete.</para>
1489
1490 </sect2>
1491
1492 </sect1>
1493
1494 </article>

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